Objectives: To study the development of professional deformity in oncological hospital doctors under the influence of professional activity factors. To consider the issues of professional adaptation of medical workers from the perspective of their development of psychoemotional burnout in combination with the problem of physiological and psychophysiological aspects of professional maladaptation. Methods: The analysis of the features of maladaptive reactions of the cardiovascular system of oncological hospital doctors that occur in the course of their professional activities is based on the analysis of changes in three groups of indicators of adaptive response of the cardiovascular system of oncologists, characteristics of blood pressure, heart activity indicators, and the state of peripheral vascular tone. Calculations of the values of psychophysiological indices that integrally characterize the functional state of their body are made. All of the doctors participating in the survey gave informed consent on the acquisition and processing of data. Results: It was found that a significant number (75%) of the tested oncologists have reduced adaptive capabilities of the circulatory system. A significant number of individuals with low stroke (40%) and minute blood volume (30%) were identified. In most cases (up to 68.4%) the examined specialists of the oncological hospital are in a state of impaired professional adaptation according to psychophysiological criteria. Conclusions: It is proposed to use the physiological and psychophysiological indicators used in the study as psychophysiological correlates of the formation and development of professional maladaptation in doctors of different specialties, as well as to control the dynamics of their condition during medical and social rehabilitation of medical institutions.

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An important place in the system of correction of the mental state of people is occupied by the problem of assessing the quality of the provision of services in a medical institution. We disclose indicators for assessing the quality of social and psychological services in a day hospital “Lipetsk Regional Psychoneurological Hospital”. To expand the approaches to identifying the quality of services provided, we propose integrated assessment criteria in the activities of the day hospital. The opinion of the staff of a neuropsychiatric institution on the use of modern methods of treatment (therapy), attitude to the effectiveness of their work is studied. The attitude of persons with mental disorders to the conditions of stay and satisfaction with the services provided in the day hospital are revealed. In working with patients of this institution, an important place should be occupied by psychosocial work using methods of social therapy. The main focus of such work is associated with the development and restoration of social ties (with the family, work collective), as well as with the development of socially positive forms of behavior.

We show the possibility of optimizing the psychological and pedagogical support of social and pedagogical adaptation process of students with hearing impairment to educational process in vocational educational institutions of secondary vocational education through the use of an innovative author’s course of group psychological prophylaxis and correction adapted to audibly deprived students. We reveal the subject and the main content of the classes. We pay attention to the need for dead graduates of vocational educational institutions of secondary vocational education to master flexible, highly adaptive methods and techniques aimed at improving their social and psychological competence. The effectiveness of the proposed and conducted activities is confirmed by the results of monitoring the psychological sphere of deaf students’ personalities of vocational educational institutions of secondary vocational education. The analysis of the average group data showed an improvement in psychological indicators of psychological and pedagogical adaptation: a significant increase in the neuropsychological stability level, against the decrease in personal anxiety level, an increase of the personal adaptation potential value and its components, increased the communicative qualities and the behavioral regulation level, with virtually unchanged values of moral standards. The results indicate the positive dynamics presence of psychological indicators of social and pedagogical adaptation of surveyed sample after the course of group psychological prophylaxis and correction.

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