В статье анализируется влияние института прямых выборов президента на форму правления в условиях парламентской республики. Автор выделяет пять моделей итога введения всенародных выборов, из которых в трех моделях (Исландия, Ирландия и Чешская Республика) сохраняется парламентская система, а в двух других происходит переход к полупрезидентской (Франция) и президентской системам (Турция). Дается авторская оценка роли всенародных выборов президента в парламентской системе. Ключевые слова: выборы президента, прямые выборы, парламентская республика, прези дент, конституционные изменения, форма правления.
в статье с политологических позиций анализируются меры и основания политической ответственности главы российского региона в контексте возврата к прямым выборам высших должностных лиц субъектов российской Федерации, рассматривается соотношение между политической и конституционной ответственностью главы региона. дается авторское видение проблемы привлечения высшего должностного лица субъекта рФ к политической ответственности. Ключевые слова: политическая ответственность, конституционная ответственность, субъект российской Федерации, высшее должностное лицо, организация государственной власти, законодательный (представительный) орган.
the Political Responsibility of a Head of Region in Contemporary Russia
R. F. Garipov, o. I. ZaznaevIn article from political science positions punishments and bases of political responsibility of a head of Russia's regions are analysed in the context of the return of direct elections of the supreme officials of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The interrelation between political and constitutional responsibility are considered. The article gives the authors' view on the problem of political responsibility of supreme officials in Russia.
In the modern world, the institution of the presidency is undergoing changes under the influence of globalization processes, increasing complexity of life, new threats and risks, as well as global, regional and local challenges. The analysis of world polit- ical experience has allowed the author to identify a number of trends inherent in the development of the institution of the presidency. Firstly, new roles of the president appear, his functions expand both in the international arena and domestically. In particular, the role of national leader, ideological leader and anti-crisis manager are added to the traditional roles of the head of state and the head of the executive branch. Secondly, the volume of presidential power is growing, an imbalance of power is forming within the triangle "president - government - parliament". This trend is causing concern for the public, which offers different ways to “weaken” the presidential power. Thirdly, to extend their stay in power, the presidents under- take all kinds of manipulations. Fourth, a number of presidents seek to ensure the continuity of power and go to different methods of controlled transfer of presidential power, which are described in the article. Fifth, today in the world there is a re- quest for responsibility of the president, but the implementation of such a request is facilitated in only one form - impeach- ment. The author analyzes in detail modern impeachment, noting its excessive politicization.
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