This scientific article deals with the use of index analysis for the assessment of the competitiveness of national food products within the system of international agri-food production competitiveness. The primary objective of this scientific article is the calculation of the actual comparative advantages of separate countries of the world in foreign trade in agri-food products using the RCAij (relative trade advantages) index. First, the pattern of international competitiveness of the most important agri-food items exported by Ukraine is determined on the basis of calculation of RCAij, following which measures are proposed to raise the level of competitiveness of these national food products within world food markets. Calculations of the RCAij indices of revealed comparative advantage (RCA) have shown that Ukrainian agri-food industry in 2017 moved into third place in the level of international competitiveness. Comparative advantages, i.e. calculations using the actual comparative advantages index RCAij, were determined. These calculations demonstrate that the greatest comparative advantages in 2017 were shown by Argentina (RCAij=4.503), New Zealand (RCAij=4.361), Brazil (RCAij=2.558), and Chile (RCA-ij=1.324). These results show the great share of agri-food exports as compared to the overall exports of goods of the said countries, each with comparatively small volumes of food imports. The value of the index of actual comparative advantages of Ukraine reached 1.131, a result that demonstrates insignificant comparative advantages within the world market, which we link with the average volume of food products imports.

This article presents the concept of product competitiveness, product competitiveness management, product competitiveness management system and outlines basic scientific approaches to its understanding. It is considered by the author from the standpoint of the systemic approach to management and is applied to the product, manufacturer, who can be an individual, enterprise, industry, region or a country in general. The objective of the scientific study is determination of the product competitiveness management system; generalization of scientific approaches to understanding the concept of competitiveness management. For implementation in the scientific article the purpose and tasks used a set of methods of scientific knowledge: the comparative method, system analysis method and methods of grouping and generalization-all helped to single out the principal approaches to the product competitiveness management. Theoretical and practical value of the research is systematization and characterization of the existing approaches, their combination for the product competitiveness management, and definition of the new approach to product competitiveness management based on the concept of "food safety".

No abstract

after Ivan Franko THE INTERNATIONAL LABOR MARKET IN THE CONTEXT OF THE WAR IN UKRAINE У статті розглянуто особливості міжнародного ринку праці та його вплив на ринок праці і зайнятість в Україні. Демографічні зміни є найважливішим чинником впливу на світову економіку. Проаналізовано світові демографічні зміни, які відбуваються у ХХ столітті та найближчі прогнози зміни населення. Глобалізація відкриває країнам з ринковою економікою кордони для трудової міграції. Робоча сила шукає вигідніші умови праці уже не в межах своєї країни, а в межах регіону, материка або всього світу. Тому важливим є розуміння протікання міграційних процесів. Проаналізовано трактування сутності світового ринку праці, визначено його загальні риси та характеристики. Розглянуто основні характеристики формування глобального ринку праці. Виявлено, що формування глобальних ринків праці відбувається значно

It is described in detail in the article the organic potential of European countries and Ukraine through the prism of specific indicators that characterize it. It is determined that the fullest organic potential of any state is revealed through a system of such indicators: land use in organic farming; number of producers of certified organic products; volumes of retail trade in organic products; volumes of exports and imports of organic products; cost of consumption of organic products per person; the largest importers of state organic products, etc. Based on the constructed complex diagram, which systematically characterizes the organic potential of European countries and, in particular, Ukraine through a set of its main indicators, it is proved that: 1) the most powerful European organic leaders in 2019 are: Austria, France, Germany, Italy and Spain. Collectively, the indicators that characterize their organic potential in 2019 reached, compared to other European countries, high leadership positions; 2) according to statistics, it is determined that in 2019 Sweden for the first time after many years of importing organic grains became their exporter -116 million euros; 3) it is noted that Ukraine in the system of indicators characterizing its organic potential in 2019, among European countries is a pioneer, where the development of organic farming and organic food production is a strategic task of the state over the next few years. After all, the area of organic land in 2019 exceeded 460 thousand hectares, and the volume of exports of organic products in the same year reached the level of 272 million euros with only 470 state producers of certified organic products. The author proposes his own approach to assessing the effectiveness of organic potential in Ukraine through the prism of specific indicators-characteristics, which is generalized into a single integrated indicatorthe taxonomy coefficient. The calculations proved the instability of the taxonomic indicator during the study period, which, according to the author, indicates that the state organic potential and system of organic production in Ukraine is at the stage of formation and development.The analysis allows us to conclude that Ukrainian exporters of organic products are forced to solve a number of problems that hinder the intensification of supply of products from our country to the markets of other countries.