Представлено проміжні результати дослідження інформаційного прос-тору сайтів новин та комунікативного простору Facebook у контексті впровад-ження освітніх реформ. Збирання емпіричного матеріалу відбувалося впродовжшести місяців – з квітня по вересень 2017 р. Обрання зазначеного періодупов’язане з важливістю розкриття динаміки очікувань та побоювань громадсь-кості щодо освітніх нововведень за півроку до ухвалення нової редакції ЗаконуУкраїни “Про освіту”. За цей час було відібрано й проаналізовано 1559 повідом-лень і 2303 коментарі з релевантних онлайн-майданчиків. У результаті моніто-рингу виокремлено шість блоків за спрямованістю повідомлень в онлайновихЗМІ, а саме: 1) роз’яснення змісту реформи шкільної освіти та перспективи їївпровадження для українського суспільства; 2) проміжні результати впрова-дження реформи шкільної освіти; 3) фінансування реформи освіти; 4) критикареформи освіти; 5) пріоритетність реформування освітньої сфери; 6) інше. Наоснові соціально-демографічного аналізу аудиторії коментаторів визначено кількасоціальних груп – найбільш активних учасників процесу обговорення реформиосвіти: працівники освіти, батьки, експерти (наукові і науково-педагогічні пра-цівники, які коментують та оцінюють процес упровадження реформ і дії Мі-ністерства освіти і науки України з професійної та статусної позиції), активнігромадяни (представники громадського сектору, студентства, ЗМІ та іншихсфер, що активно долучаються до обговорення процесу реформування). Методомсемантичного аналізу коментарів виявлено основні фактори опору реформам укожній ланці соціальної системи і тематику конфліктного дискурсу.

Mosses are pioneer plants in post-technogenic areas. Therefore, the question of adaptive reactions of mosses from these habitats represents a scientific interest. The research is devoted to the study of adaptive changes in the metabolism of the dominant moss species Bryum caespiticium Hedw., collected in the devastated territories of the Novoyavorivsk State Mining and Chemical Enterprise (SMCE) “Sirka (Sulfur)” exposed to hyperthermia and insolation, which cause oxidative stress in plants. The influence of these stressors on the activity and thermal stability of antioxidant enzymes, hydrogen peroxide content, anion radical generation and accumulation of prooxidant components in moss shoots was studied. The activity and thermal stability of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were analysed forB. caespiticium moss from different locations of northern exposure at the sulfur mining dump No 1 in summer and autumn. We established the dependence of the activity of antioxidant enzymes of moss on the intensity of light and temperature on the experimental plots of the dump No 1. In summer, the highest activity and thermal stability rates of peroxidase and SOD were observed. Under the conditions of the experiment in shoots of В. caespiticium from the northern peak of the dump under the influence of 2 hours temperature action (+ 42 ºС) the most significant increase in peroxidase activity was found by 1.78 times and SOD by 1.89 times, as well as increase in its thermal stability by 1.35–1.42 times, respectively. The increase in peroxidase and SOD activity, as well as the increase in their thermal stability caused by hyperthermia were negated by pre-processing with a protein biosynthesis inhibitor cyclohexamide, which may indicate the participation of the protein-synthesizing system in this process. The effect of increasing the thermal stability of enzymes can be considered as a mechanism of adaptation of the protein-synthesizing system to the action of high temperatures. Increase in the activity and thermal stability of antioxidant enzymes is caused primarily by changes in the expression of stress protein genes, which control the synthesis of specific adaptogens and protectors. The obtained results indicate that the extreme conditions of the anthropogenically transformed environment contribute to the development of forms with the highest potential abilities. The mechanism of action of high temperatures is associated with the development of oxidative stress, which is manifested in the intensification of lipid peroxidation and the generation of superoxide anion radical. It was found that temperature stress and high insolation caused an increased generation of superoxide anion radical as the main inducers of protective reactions in the samples of B. caespiticium from the experimental transect of the sulfur mining heap. It is known that the synthesis of Н2О2 occurs under stress and is a signal to start a number of molecular, biochemical and physiological processes of cells, including adaptation of plants to extreme temperatures. It is shown that high temperatures initiate the generation of hydrogen peroxide. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, including Н2О2, under the action of extreme temperatures, can cause the activation of signaling systems. Therefore, the increase in the content of Н2О2 as a signaling mediator is a component of the antioxidant protection system. It is determined that adaptive restructuring of the metabolism of the moss В. caespiticium is associated with the accumulation of signaling prooxidant components (diene and triene conjugates and dienketones). The increase in primary lipid peroxidation products, detected by us, under the action of hyperthermia may indicate the intensification of free radical oxidation under adverse climatic conditions in the area of the sulfur production dump, which leads to the intensification of lipid peroxidation processes. The accumulation of radical and molecular lipid peroxidation products are signals for the activation of protective systems, activators of gene expression and processes that lead to increased resistance of plants.

The article substantiates the content and develops a model of professional training of assistant dentist, as well as his educational and qualification characteristics and educational and professional program and, through experiment, introduced the training of such a specialist in seven higher medical schools in Ukraine. Theoretical concretization and experimental testing of organizational and pedagogical conditions of professional training of junior specialists of dental profile in the line of general requirements of the personal approach to the organization of process of professional training are carried out. Factor analysis of trends in the development of education and environmental systems and analysis of the experience of professional training of auxiliary specialists in the field of dentistry abroad revealed the conditionality and necessity of professional training in Ukraine for junior dentists. The organizational and pedagogical conditions that will ensure the effectiveness of professional training of a dental assistant in a higher medical educational institution, namely: the system of three-subject interaction of the educational institution, the student as a future specialist and potential employer and pedagogical opportunities for self-realization of the student as a subobject of his/her own professional training. Through the experiment, the effectiveness of the introduction of organizational and pedagogical conditions for the professional training of an assistant dentist was proved. During the study, the experimental group eventually rethought the “object” of its activities and crossed the previously opaque boundaries between medical care and student supervision for the benefit of all parties.

The article summarizes the experience of Ukraine’s participation in international academic mobility on the example of undergraduate higher medical education. Analysis of the archival documents in the second half of the 20th century revealed two types of student exchange programs: introductory internships on the basis of clinical and medical institutions of Ukraine and European countries, under the guidance of an international group of teachers; labor introductory practice – exchange of student construction teams who got acquainted with the health care system of the host country and worked in hospitals and medical camps during the summer holidays. From the beginning of the 21st century, international mobility students in the Ukrainian medical universities (undergraduate medical education) have been studying at the following programs: 1) educational practice based on interuniversity cooperation agreements; 2) student exchanges organized by the International Federation of Medical Students Associations; 3) interuniversity international agreements on long-term (with credit transfer) and short-term exchange programs. The number of these students at the level of undergraduate medical education is increasing, but insignificantly compared to foreign students from Europe, Asia, Africa who receive undergraduate medical education on a permanent basis (as of 2018 – more than 23 thousand). Based on the obtained results, the general positive prospects and directions of the development of international academic mobility of medical students in Ukraine are determined: 1) short-term Ukrainian and European international student exchanges, which allow to increase their level of motivation to study, develop individual educational trajectories, expand their level of competence in the field of health care system of different countries; 2) expansion of the semester programs of student academic mobility taking into account the availability of educational programs in English in Ukraine and its lower cost compared to European universities, promising for both “EU students” and “non-EU students” of European universities, who: а) want to expand their experience and competence in the provision of medical services at the primary and secondary levels of health care and the pre-medical sphere; b) study medical management in the field of health care in different countries; c) have problems with tuition fees. Keywords: international academic mobility, undergraduate medical education, student exchange programs.