E-learning is electronic learning and teaching and learning process that is carried out online. This study aims to see the effectiveness of E-Learning through lesson study on Building Materials Science subjects. This research uses a descriptive quantitative method. This study involved 40 students in semester 1 of Class A in Science and Building Materials. Data are obtained by polling and questionnaires by providing answers to questions. Polling data were analyzed using the Rasch model, and the data questionnaire was analyzed using the Linkert scale model. The results showed that the application of e-learning through lesson study could increase the effectiveness of learning process with a value of 84.5%, which is quite useful. The effectiveness of learning process is based on considerations of quality, level of suitability, and time required. Learning materials increase students' readiness to learn to teach before learning in class. Students who are motivated to do assignments and understand eLearning learning materials can complete the learning process according to the specified time.

The objective of our study was to examine the understandings of elementary school teachers who implemented classroom action research (CAR) in their professional life. A phenomenological study approach was employed in this research to explore the elementary school teachers’ understanding of their CAR views and to uncover the difficulties they experienced when implementing it. We collected the research data from interviews with 12 public elementary school teachers. The results of our study show that elementary school teachers comprehend the benefits of CAR, namely enhancing the quality of learning and developing their professional careers. However, they still experience difficulties in implementing CAR. Inadequate acquisition of knowledge about the substantial components of CAR, weak teacher self-management and insufficient school resources are hindering factors preventing teachers from implementing CAR in their professional life..   Keywords: Action research, elementary school, teacher competence, teacher difficulties, teacher experiences

The North Sulawesi Province has a plurality of realities, such as the inter religious relationship that takes place safely and peacefully, and the motto "Torang Samua Basudara" which is the symbol of tolerance. Based on that, the researchers were interested to find out whether the reality of religious tolerance in North Sulawesi occurred only in adulthood or in early childhood. Children in Early childhood is in the golden age. It is the right time to introduce learning concepts that are suitable to the level of their development. This study used theory of enigma (the face) by Levinas to analyze the tolerance process on children in early childhood and theory of Curriculum by Maria Harris to analyze the curriculum of tolerance education in the era of 4.0 at several kindergartens sampled in North Sulawesi. The purpose of this study was to analyze the curriculum and the learning process of tolerance education on the children in early childhood that are relevant to the era of 4.0 in North Sulawesi. This study used qualitative approach with collecting data through observation, interviews and documentation studies. The results of this study showed that the tolerance life in the era of 4.0 on children in early childhood in North Sulawesi occurred in a sincere atmosphere through real meetings (face to face), self-awareness about tolerance is natural, the tolerance curriculum in the era of 4.0 is still implicit with the limitation of the facilities and infrastructure of digital learning, and the application is still influenced by ideology of the owners or the school leaders.

A child in early childhood with Autism Spectrum has a condition of impaired development of brain function (nerve cells of the brain) that can affect almost all aspects of individual development. These symptoms initiate at an early childhood. A child in early childhood with autistic spectrum has challenges all physically, psychologically, and socially to survive both in the family and school environment in this disruptive era. This fact is happened in several Christian schools which are special schools that manage children with autism spectrum in Manado and surrounding areas. This study aimed to describe the resilience factors of children in early childhood with ASD in disruptive era at some special schools for ASD in North Sulawesi. The writers used the resilience theory of Reivich and Shatte in analyzing the resilience factors occurred. This study used qualitative approach with data triangulation through the methods of observation, interviews, and documentation studies. This study was conducted from October to December 2019. The result showed that the resilience of children in early childhood with ASD was happened in the increase of positive aspects of attitude caused by some things, namely; performing a routine theraphy; partnership with parents in applying the ABA method; the power of empathy and interaction; explorative and functional games; the humanistic, religious, and contextual inclusive pedagogic model; and the visualization aspects.