The deserted medieval village of Vilarnau (Perpignan, Pyrénées-Orientales) consists in three poles which are only a few hundred metres apart. This twofold village (upstream and downstream village), with its two castles, its church and its cemetery, was the object of several excavation campaigns that allowed to reconstruct its history, from its birth in the vicinity of the church in the IXth century to its desertion in the middle of the XIVth century. The excavation of the ecclesial pole revealed the early creation of the cemetery, its partial occupation by profane installations (houses and storage pits), its demarcation by a powerful defensive wall, the houses that surround it at the end of the Middle Ages. Field data are completed by written documents evoking the first lords, feudal and later ecclesiatical, from the XIth to the XIVth centuries, then, at the end of the Middle Ages, the village people, the cultures and the destruction of the village by the soldiers of Pierre IV d’Aragon.
Le village médiéval de Vilarnau a fait l’objet, entre 1996 et 2003, de plusieurs campagnes de fouilles aboutissant à l’étude archéologique extensive d’un village médiéval bipolaire offrant ainsi à l’analyse la dualité ou la complémentarité qui a pu exister entre les deux noyaux de peuplement cristallisés pour l’un autour de l’église et pour l’autre autour du château. L’étude archéologique conjuguée à l’examen approfondi des sources ont ainsi permis d’appréhender l’histoire complexe de l’évolution d’un village médiéval. Le discours sera ici volontairement centré sur l’église, sur le bâtiment, et sur son rôle dans la structuration du noyau villageois ecclésial.
An important series of ceramics dated to the end of the 9th and the 10th centuries by the carbon 14 method was brought to light during the excavations of the Carolingian site of the Camp del Rey (on the commune of Baixas, in the eastern Pyrenees). The study of these finds, together with a fresh examination of collections emanating from older excavations, or from prospecting on foot, allows for the identification of the main characteristics of an entirely original type and leads to a first attempt at a morphological classification of Carolingian and post-Carolingian ceramics in the Roussillon.
L'étude des lésions périapicales apparaît comme un élément supplémentaire dans la compréhension du mode de vie des populations du passé. En effet, ces pathologies la plupart du temps intraosseuses restent invisibles à l'oeil nu et passées sous silence par les observateurs. La radiologie nous apporte de nombreux renseignements sur l'évolution de ce type de pathologie. Notre étude effectuée sur un échan-tillon archéologique de la population médiévale de Vilarnau porte sur l'identification des lésions buccodentaires qui peuvent être corrélées à l'apparition des lésions périapicales. Ce sont majoritairement les caries et l'usure qui sont retenues dans la littérature comme étant les principaux facteurs de risques. Nos résultats montrent également que les caries dentaires et l'usure sont des facteurs prépondérants à l'apparition des pathologies périapicales. De plus, la radiologie s'avère un moyen incontournable dans l'étude des pathologies dentaires par le fait qu'elle augmente la détection de toutes les pathologies. Pour citer cette revue : Bull. Mém. Soc. Anthropol. Paris 23 (2011).
Mots clés Caries dentaires · Usure dentaire · Lésion périapicale · RadiographieAbstract The study of periapical lesions provides additional material to help understand the lifestyles of past populations. These, mainly intraosseous lesions, are invisible to the naked eye and generally ignored by observers. Radiology can provide a wealth of information on the development of this type of pathology. Our study, conducted with an archaeological sample of the mediaeval population of Vilarnau, is attempting to identify oral lesions that can be correlated with the occurrence of periapical lesions. The main risk factors cited in the literature are dental caries and dental wear. Our results also show that dental caries and dental wear are predominant factors in the development of periapical disease. Radiology is also an essential tool for studies of dental disease, since it increases the likelihood of detecting pathologies of all types. To cite this journal: Bull. Mém. Soc. Anthropol. Paris 23 (2011).
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