Camponotus consobrinus, the banded sugar ant is so called because of its liking for sweet food. This study was carried out to determine the association between Camponotus consobrinus and potential bacterial pathogens in human dwellings and their public health importance. The ants were purposively collected from four locations; kitchens, bed rooms of various homes, shops and bakeries. Out of the 250 Camponotus consobrinus caught for the study, 90(36.0%) were caught in the kitchen, 75(30.0%) in the bed rooms 40(16.0%) in the bakery while 45(18.0%) were caught in the shops. A prevalence of 82.0% microbial isolates was recorded in the study. The kitchen had the highest number of isolates 75(36.6%) followed by the bed room 55(26.8%) while the bakery recorded the lowest number of isolates 35(17.1%). Escherichia coli was the most common isolate 73(30.0%), followed by Morganella morganii 45(18.0%) while Serratia marcescens and Citrobacter freundii were the lowest common isolates 10(4.0%) each. Most of the Compnotous consobrinus examined in the four locations harboured potential pathogens. The presence of ants in homes and shops may lead to the spread of pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, the control of ants in human dwellings must be taken seriously.

This study was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of common disinfectants-these are (parachlorometaxylenol) dettol, savlon purit and jik (sodium hypochlorite) on isolated from Candida albicans displaying and cutting tables in five different abattoirs in Port Harcourt (Niger Delta region); the abattoirs include Trans Amadi, Agip, Woji, Rumuokoro, and Rumuodara. This research was carried out between January 2005 and June 2006. Swab samples were collected from abattoirs cutting tables with sterile swab sticks and immediately transferred and cultured in the laboratory on a selective medium Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). The disinfectants' concentrations were prepared at 10%, 20%, 40%, and 70%, in triplicates and the mean values calculated. 0.5 Mc Farland turbidity method of standardization and Agar diffusion method were used for disinfectants testing of the isolates. Statistical analysis of the data showed no significant difference in the effectiveness of these disinfectants at (p<0.05). In conclusion, this study has shown that savlon and dettol were the most potent antimicrobial agents at 10% concentration on Candida isolates when compared with purit and jik in this study, hence they albicans are good sanitizing agents to be applied on the abattoirs cutting tables, before meat products can be displayed for sale. Oluwayemisi A Olorode ( ) PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text 25. De bruin DB: Mechanism of toxicity for various compounds. J. Kenneth (ed.). A Bacterial Bioassay for Assessment of Waste Water Toxicity, 1976; 383-390. 26. Keswick BH, Satterwhite TK, Johnson PC, et al.: Inactivation of Norwalk virus in drinking water by chlorine. Appl Environ Microbiol 1985; 50(2): 261-4. PubMed Abstract | Free Full Text 27. Le Chevallier MW, Cawthon CD, Lee RG, et al.: Inactivation of biofilm bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1998; 54(10): 2492-9. PubMed Abstract | Free Full Text 28. Cornelis P: Pseudomonas: Genomics and Molecular Biology 1 st ed. Caister pages 11-13, Academic Press; London 2008. Reference

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Background: The use of tobacco may affect the human oral microbiome resulting in numerous diseases including cancer. There are more than 1.3 billion tobacco smokers worldwide with 4.5 million adult Nigerians addressed as tobacco addicts. Tobacco smoking causes oral cancer, color change on the teeth, halitosis, periodontitis and other health implications. Aim: The study was aimed at determining the changes caused by tobacco smoking on the oral microbiome of cigarette smokers and the shift toward organisms that may cause oral cancer and lung diseases. Methods: One hundred and twenty subjects made of 60 tobacco smokers and 60 nonsmokers were enrolled for the study. Oral swabs were collected from the oral cavity of the subjects using sterile swab sticks under standard aseptic methods. The specimens were subjected to microscopy and culture. Organisms were identified using standard microbiological techniques. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 26.9 ± 3.4 years, with minimum age 18.0 years. There was a higher rate of bacterial colonization 86.7% among smokers than nonsmokers (χ2 = 299.0, P = 0.0002). Most members of the oral biofilm belonged to the Enterobacteriaceae with Klebsiella pneumoniae being the most prevalent isolate among smokers while Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4 (20.0%) were the most prevalent bacterial isolates among the control subjects. Tooth decay 19 (36.5%) was the oral cavity disorder among smokers associated with the highest number of isolates, followed by halitosis 18 (34.6%) and mouth ulcer 7 (13.4%). Halitosis was mostly associated with Candida species 5 (71.4%). There was a statistically significant association between oral cavity conditions and microbial isolates among smokers (χ2 = 299.0, P = 0.002). Conclusion: Smoking may have altered bacterial acquisition and oral mucosal colonization in favor of periodontal pathogens. This study have shown that smoking predisposes to oral cavity diseases which may predispose to oral cancer or lung diseases. The campaign against smoking should therefore be intensified as this may help to improve the oral health of smokers.

Helicobacter Pylori is the most common chronic bacterial infection (acquired early childhood) in humans affecting 50% of the world population and much attention has not been paid to this. This study was carried out between February and October 2019 to test for the presence of Helicobacter Pylori antibody among asymptomatic individuals attending Federal Medical Center, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State. A total of 200 {114(57%) males, 86(43%) females} blood samples were collected at ramdom into Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) bottles and immediately transported to the laboratory for analysis using Helicobacter pylori Serology rapid blood test kit. Age was stratified to allow for comparison because the entire outcome was age dependent. Chi square analysis was conducted for the categorical variable. Findings showed that out of 200 samples examined, 88(44%) forty (40 (45%) males and 48(55%) females were positive to Helicobacter pylori infection while 112(56%) were negative. Females of age range 24 -33 had the highest prevalence of 24 (27%) while male of age group 14 to 23 had 21(24%); females of 34 to 44 was 16(18%); 54-63 had 4(05%) and the least was 44 to 53 years with prevalence of 3(03%).  There was a significant difference across the age group and socio-demographic characteristic at p-value = 0.0001 < 0.05 and p-value =0.002068 < 0.05, p-value = 0.000916 <0.05 respectively. Observations showed the higher prevalence in females (53%) than their males (47%) counterparts; likewise the infected individuals host this organism ignorantly and busy treating out of line.  Study with more than one diagnostic technique is recommended to determine the presence of Helicobacter pylori, as rapid blood test is limited due to the presence of antibody in the serum for long after eradication. In conclusion, routine medical examination on Helicobacter pylori is encouraged among individuals in respective of age and status.