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Background: Pediculosis is an infestation of lice affecting mostly children and spreads by direct contact with the hair of someone infected. Although topical application of a pediculicide such as permethrin shampoo is the most common cure for head lice, the addition of alternative treatments is necessary due to permethrin resistance and some safety concerns, including irritation, burning sensation, tingling, and breathing problems. Recent studies have indicated that ozone, which is an allotropic form of oxygen, may have anti-pediculosis effects. Objective: This study focused on the evaluation of an ozonated olive oil topical lotion for the treatment of pediculosis and the comparison of its effects with permethrin shampoo. Methods: 121 patients with proven head pediculosis were divided into two groups. They were treated with either topical ozonated olive oil lotion or permethrin shampoo for one week. Results: It was shown that the ozonation process enormously improved the physico-chemical properties of olive oil. Specifically, acid and peroxide values increased 60 fold and 200 fold, respectively, while there was a sharp decline for the iodine index (81.8±1.28 to 0 g iodine per 100 g). Additionally, all patients who received the ozonated olive oil lotion were entirely cured after one week of treatment, while those who were treated with permethrin, required to receive more. Statistical analysis of the data also proved this claim. Conclusion: The prepared lotion has shown significant effects in controlling head lice. Thus, it can be prescribed as an effective anti-pediculosis medicine which is biocompatible and has high potential.

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Ibuprofen is a widely-used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which belongs to class II of Biopharmaceutics classification system with low aqueous solubility and dissolution rate and bioavailability problems. This study was conducted to synthesis, optimization, and evaluation of the inclusion complex of ibuprofen-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin to overcome the challenges. Complex of ibuprofen and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) was prepared by co-evaporation method in different ratios of solvents (methanol, ethanol, and distilled water were used as solvent systems). In order to find out the optimum solvent ratio, molecular dynamics simulations were performed by NAMD 2.9 software. Differential scanning calorimetry was applied to assess the complexes crystallinity and thermal behaviors. Also, Fourier transform infrared was used to monitor structural changes. Furthermore, the solubility and dissolution profiles of complexes were evaluated and compared. Complexation with HPβCD was able to reduce crystallinity and improve the thermal stability, water solubility, and dissolution profile of all synthesized complexes. HPβCD complexation using ethanol and water solvents in the ratio of 9 : 1 and 3 : 1, increased the aqueous solubility of ibuprofen by 1155 % and 874 %, respectively that was considered as the optimum approach. The results indicated that complexation with HPβCD may be of potential use for improving the ibuprofen dissolution rate and bioavailability.

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