Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a vascular disease that leads to reduced blood flow to the limbs, often causing claudication symptoms that impair patients’ ability to walk. The distance walked during a 6-min walk test (6MWT) correlates well with patient claudication symptoms, so we developed the VascTrac iPhone app as a platform for monitoring PAD using a digital 6MWT. In this study, we evaluate the accuracy of the built-in iPhone distance and step-counting algorithms during 6MWTs. One hundred and fourteen (114) participants with PAD performed a supervised 6MWT using the VascTrac app while simultaneously wearing an ActiGraph GT9X Activity Monitor. Steps and distance-walked during the 6MWT were manually measured and used to assess the bias in the iPhone CMPedometer algorithms. The iPhone CMPedometer step algorithm underestimated steps with a bias of −7.2% ± 13.8% (mean ± SD) and had a mean percent difference with the Actigraph (Actigraph-iPhone) of 5.7% ± 20.5%. The iPhone CMPedometer distance algorithm overestimated distance with a bias of 43% ± 42% due to overestimation in stride length. Our correction factor improved distance estimation to 8% ± 32%. The Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) correlated poorly with steps ( R = 0.365) and distance ( R = 0.413). Thus, in PAD patients, the iPhone’s built-in distance algorithm is unable to accurately measure distance, suggesting that custom algorithms are necessary for using iPhones as a platform for monitoring distance walked in PAD patients. Although the iPhone accurately measured steps, more research is necessary to establish step counting as a clinically meaningful metric for PAD.

Suicide is one of the leading causes of death and has steadily increased throughout the past 2 decades. 1 Religious affiliation may be associated with a lower risk for both suicide attempt and death through multiple mechanisms, including the promotion of social support, personal empowerment, healthy lifestyle, and commitment to religious life-preserving morals. 2 In the US, Muslim individuals represent a religious minority group who are vulnerable to religious discrimination but may access mental health services more infrequently than other groups. We compare the prevalence of suicide attempts among Muslim adults compared with adults of other faith communities in the US. Methods | Participants completed the 2019 Institute for SocialPolicy and Understanding national community-based survey 3 conducted over landline, cell phone, and online by Social Science Research Solutions during January 2019. Muslim and Jewish participants were oversampled, and other religious groups were weighted to provide nationally representative and projectable estimates of the US adult population 18 years and older. The eMethods in the Supplement include a description of sample design, survey administration, and weighting procedures. The Stanford University institutional review board exempted the study from ethical review because it was an analysis of deidentified poll data.Participant demographics were collected using selfreported items. Participants were asked to self-identify their religion from the following categories: agnostic, atheist, Buddhist, Catholic, Christian, do not know, Hindu, Jewish, Mormon, Muslim, no religion, Orthodox, Protestant, something else, or Unitarian (Universalist). Participants were also asked to self-identify their race and ethnicity using the following categories: African American, Arab, Asian/Chinese/ Japanese/Indian/Pakistani, Native American/American Indian/ Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, mixed, Hispanic, White, or other. Lifetime suicide attempt was assessed with a question adapted from the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale: "Have you ever tried to do anything to try to kill yourself or make yourself not alive anymore?" 4 Descriptive statistics and cross-tabulations were used to categorize and compare the frequency of the chosen study characteristics of participants. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed using Stata version 15 (StataCorp) to calculate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios. Demographic factors were coded as categorical variables in the adjusted analyses. Individuals who refused to identify with a religious group or other demographic variable were coded as missing and excluded. Two-sided P values were statistically significant at .05. Analysis took place from March to December 2020.

group included seroma/hematoma in 4% (4 of 93) and infection in 2% (2 of 93). Mean follow-up time for patients was 22 months. For the botulinum toxin treatment group, improvement of symptoms was achieved in 81% of patients (13 of 16 limbs). Patients treated with botulinum toxin did not have imaging in follow-up. No complications were reported. The average follow-up time was 53 days for the botulinum group.Conclusions: This review suggests FAPES may be treated successfully with surgical myotomy plus adjunctive vascular reconstruction if necessary (Fig) . Botulinum toxin A injection may improve symptoms shortterm, potentially delaying or eliminating the need for surgery in select patients. It may also have value as a diagnostic procedure.

Film and cinema are an important part of American culture and discourse. TIn recent years, there have been increasing discussions around the media portrayal of suicide and psychiatric illness in media and its subsequent impact on prejudice towards those with mental illness. To date, there is no published work quantifying the depiction of mental illness in film. In this work we use plot descriptions to identify movies that depict mental illness and compare their financial and critical success to all movies released during the same time period.

In 2019, the National Basketball Association (NBA) expanded it's mental health rules to include mandating that each team have at least one mental health professional on their full-time staff and to retain a licensed psychiatrist to assist when needed. In this work, we investigate the NBA players' discussion of mental health using historical data from players' public Twitter accounts. All current and former NBA players with Twitter accounts were identified, and each of their last 800 tweets were scraped, yielding 920,000 tweets. A list of search terms derived from the DSM5 diagnoses was then created and used to search all of the nearly one million tweets. In this work, we present the most common search terms used to identify tweets about mental health, present the change in month-by-month tweets about mental health, and identify the impact of players discussing their own mental health struggles on their box score statistics before and after their first tweet discussing their own mental health struggles.