El embalse de Betania es uno de los cuerpos de agua más importantes deColombia, generando energía, actividad pesquera y aporte económico a la regióndel Huila. El objetivo del presente estudio fue caracterizar las diferentes especiesde zooplancton, bioindicadores de la calidad del agua presentes en la represa deBetania (departamento de Huila). Se determinaron diez puntos de muestreo endonde se recolectaron microorganismos zooplanctónicos a dos profundidadespara posteriormente determinar la taxonomía. Se realizaron análisis inferencialesde dos factores, utilizando el modelo lineal general, ANOVA de medidas repe
Nuclear power plants rely on the Emergency Core Cooling System (ECCS) to cool down the reactor core in case of an accident. Occasionally, air is entrained into the suction piping of ECCS causing voids that decrease pumping efficiency, and consequently damage the pumps. In an attempt to minimize the amount of voids entering the suction side of the pump in ECCS, a Void Recirculation System (VRS) experiment was conducted for a proof of concept purpose. While many studies have been oriented in studying two-component flow behavior in ECCS, none of them propose a solution to minimize air entrainment. As a consequence, there are no simulation models that use computational fluid dynamics to address gas entrainment solutions in ECCS. The objectives of this thesis are to (1) simulate and investigate two-component air-water flow in a VRS that minimizes the amount of air in piping systems, using RELAP5/MOD3 as the computational tool, and (2) to validate the numerical results with respect to experimental results and observations. A one-dimensional model of the VRS was built in RELAP5, in which eight different scenarios (replicating those from the VRS experiment) were simulated for a period of 150 seconds. Four Froude numbers of 0.8, 1.0, 1.3 and 1.6 were evaluated in two different pipe configurations, and the experimental data obtained from the VRS experiment was used to validate the numerical results obtained from these simulations. It was concluded that air recirculation occurs indefinitely throughout the entire 150 seconds of the simulation for Froude numbers up to 1.3; while for a Froude number of 1.6, air recirculation occurs for approximately 100 seconds and ceases after 125 seconds of the simulation. An average air reduction effectiveness of 90% was found for all simulation scenarios. The VRS model was successfully validated and can be used to investigate the effects of air entrainment in suction piping.
La piscicultura en jaulas se ha convertido en una actividad económicamente viable y socialmente importante durante los últimos 15 años en el embalse de Betania. El objetivo del presente estudio fue caracterizar las condiciones fisicoquímicas de calidad de agua en diez puntos del embalse entre los años 2013-2015. Para la obtención de las muestras de agua se utilizó una botella Van Door, posteriormente se efectuó la determinación de los parámetros fisicoquímicos in situ tomando las muestras a una profundidad de 20 cm, utilizando un equipo Multiparamétrico YSI 556 que tomara las lecturas de oxígeno disuelto mg/L y % de saturación de oxígeno disuelto, Temperatura °C, pH, conductividad μ/cm. La muestra de Amonio mg/L, Nitrito, Alcalinidad y Dureza se tomaron con equipo fotómetro YSI 9500, La medida de la transparencia del agua, se tomó con el disco Sechi. Todos estos análisis se basaron siguiendo los procedimientos de APHA 1998. Los análisis inferenciales de dos factores, mediante el modelo lineal general, ANOVA de medidas repetidas y la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis como alternativa no paramétrica, p≤ 0,05. Los valores promedios y sus respectivas desviaciones estándar, de las variables fisicoquímicas encontrados fueron los siguientes: La Temperatura (°C) 26,2 ± 0,5, el Oxígeno Disuelto (mg/L) 5,9 ± 0,5, Porcentaje de Oxígeno Disuelto 72,7 ± 6,6, pH 8,0 ± 0,2, Amonio (mg/L) 0,090 ± 0,021, Nitrito (mg/L) 0,035 ± 0,006, Alcalinidad (mg/L) 41,5± 3,6, Dureza (mg/L) 48,7 ± 3,2, Conductividad (μs/cm) 167,4 ± 21,2 y la Transparencia (cm) 88,3 ± 6,5.
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