Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is the highest cause of death in the world, in 2015 amounting to 7,4 million. This disease is estimated to reach 23,3 million deaths in 2030 (WHO). Acute Coronary Syndrome is a noncommunicable disease in which pathological changes or abnormalities occur in the coronary artery wall which can cause myocardial ischemia, Unstable Angina Pectoris (UAP) and Acute Myocardial Infarction (IMA) such as NSTEMI and STEMI. The occurrence of this disease related by several risk factors such as age, sex, heredity, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Objective: To determine characteristics on patient of SKA on inpatients herat diseasea. This type of research was descriptive observational with cross-sectional design. The number of samples is 51 people who meet the inclusion criteria using accidental sampling technique. based on of 51 people with SKA, hypertension 43 people (84,31%) ,dyslipidemia 42 people (82,35%), the most age was more than 45 years, 41 people (80,39%), male sex 38 people (74,51%), smoking 36 people (70,59%), non DM 35 people (68,63%), non obesity 35 people (68,63%) and don't had a history of 32 people (62,75%). Abstrak : Sindrom Koroner Akut (SKA) merupakan penyebab kematian tertinggi di dunia, pada tahun 2015 sebesar 7,4 juta dan diperkirakan akan mencapai 23,3 juta kematian pada tahun 2030 (WHO). SKA merupakan penyakit tidak menular dimana terjadi perubahan patologis atau kelainan dalam dinding arteri koroner yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya iskemik miokardium, Unstable Angina Pectoris (UAP) serta Infark Miokard Akut (IMA) seperti NSTEMI dan STEMI. Terjadinya penyakit ini berhubungan dengan faktor risiko seperti umur, jenis kelamin, keturunan, merokok, hipertensi, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemia, dan obesitas.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien SKA pada pasien rawat inap penyakit jantung. Jenis penelitian ini observasional deskriptif dengan rancangan crosssectional. Jumlah sampel 51 orang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Berdasarkan 51 orang penderita SKA menunjukkan hipertensi 43 orang (84,31%), dyslipidemia 42 orang (82,35%), usia lebih dari 45 tahun yaitu 41 orang (80,39%), jenis kelamin lakilaki 38 orang (74,51%), merokok 36 orang (70,59%), tidak DM 35 orang (68,63%), tidak obesitas 35 orang (68,63%), tidak ada riwayat keturunan 32 orang (62,75%).
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Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms which, when consumed in adequate quantities as food ingredients, provide health benefits to the host. Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Saccharomyces, are three probiotics that are intensively used as probiotics in humans and animals. Probiotics have beneficial effects on health when given adequate amounts. The concept of probiotics on human health, namely modulating the gut microbiota and its effect on the host. Probiotics play an important role in maintaining intestinal integrity through a number of different interactions, including changes in cytokine expression in the mucosa. Probiotics compete with intestinal pathogens for mucosal receptors, thereby increasing interepithelial resistance. Probiotics such as Lactobacillus casei sp GG strain was used as a prophylaxis that could increase the expression of epithelial mucin, thereby reducing the translocation of pathogenic bacteria. Abnormal local immune response is characterized by decreased secretion of IgA, thus allowing enterocyte attachment and local translocation of bacterial antigens, which are the main stimulation of pathological events. Colonic stasis can promote the growth of pathogenic bacteria which allows malignant porin bacterial strains to thrive. The gut microbiota has a major influence on human health. The microbial population has an important role in the host, such as the metabolic activity of probiotics producing energy and nutrient absorption, developing the host immune system, and preventing colonization and infection of pathogens. Lactobacillus reuteri is a hetero-fermentative bacterium that lives in the digestive tract of humans. L. reuteri has been used to treat infant necrotizing pseudomembrane. In this paper, the mechanism of L reuteri to increase host immunological response will be reviewed.
28 ABSTRAKMalnutrisi mempunyai pengaruh negatif terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin, khususnya pertumbuhan otak. Gangguan pertumbuhan otak serta perkembangannya dapat menyebabkan disfungsi pada penyimpanan informasi dan proses recalling, sehingga konsekuensinya akan terjadi gangguan memori. Kerusakan oksidatif merupakan salah satu jalur penyebab yang baru dikemukakan sebagai hipotesis penyebab kerusakan otak akibat malnutrisi pada tikus. Asupan nutrisi yang rendah dapat menurunkan kadar antioksidan pada tikus otak, kemudian akan menyebabkan gangguan memori yang progresif. Moringa oleifera merupakan sebuah tanaman yang populer akhir-akhir ini untuk digunakan sebagai tambahan makanan yang mengandung antioksidan di beberapa negara miskin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan pengaruh bubuk ekstrak Moringa oleifera terhadap perbaikan fungsi memori pada tikus dengan kekurangan energi protein. Pada penelitian ini digunakan tikus wistar sebanyak 20 ekor, yang dibagi kedalam 5 kelompok yang terdiri dari kelompok kontrol diet malnutrisi, kelompok diet normal, kelompok diet malnutrisi yang mendapatkan tambahan diet bubuk daun Moringa oleifera dengan dosis 180 mg, kelompok diet malnutrisi yang mendapatkan tambahan diet bubuk daun Moringa oleifera dengan dosis 360 mg, dan kelompok diet malnutrisi yang mendapatkan tambahan diet bubuk daun Moringa oleifera dengan dosis 720 mg. Uji Morris watermaze digunakan untuk mengukur perbaikan memori, sedangkan metode xanthin oxidase digunakan untuk mengukur kadar antioksidan otak. Potongan hipokampus diambil sepanjang 5 s.d. 6 mm pada rostral sulcus cerebrocerebelaris. Penelitian ini dapat membuktikan bahwa bubuk ekstrak daun Moringa oleifera mampu meningkatkan kadar antioksidan SOD pada otak tikus dan mampu memperbaiki fungsi memori pada kekurangan energi protein.
This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
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