ÖzetTürkiye' de doğal olarak yetişen Centaurea fenzlii Reichardt. ve Origanum acutidens (Hand.-Mazz.) Ietswaart. endemik türlerinin kromozom sayısı ve kromozom morfolojisi karyolojik teknikler kullanılarak araştırıldı. Bitki örnekleri 2013 yılında doğal habitatlarından toplandı. Çalışılan bu türlerden Centaurea fenzlii' nin temel kromozom sayısı x=9 ve diploid kromozom sayısı ise 2n=18, Origanum acutidens türünün temel kromozom sayısı x=15 ve diploid kromozom sayısı ise 2n=30 olarak tespit edildi. Türlere ait kromozomların median (m) ve submedian (sm) sentromerli olduğu gözlendi. Origanum acutidens endemik türünün karyotip analizleri ilk olarak tarafımızdan yapıldı. Karyological Features of Two Endemic Species for Turkey AbstractThe chromosome number and chromosome morphology of endemic species Centaurea fenzlii and Origanum acutidens naturally growing in Turkey were investigated using karyological techniques. The specimens were collected from natural habitats in the years 2013. The basic chromosome number of Centaurea fenzlii is: x= 9 and diploid chromosome numbers were found to be 2n=18, species of Origanum acutidens basic chromosome number is: x= 15 and diploid chromosome numbers were found to be 2n=30. Chromosomes had median region (m) and submedian (sm) centromers. Karyotype analysis of Origanum acutidens endemic species has been conducted by us for the first time.

The somatic chromosome numbers and detailed morphometric properties of eight of the nine annual Turkish Carduus L. taxa were examined. The somatic chromosome numbers were 2n = 2x = 22 in C. rechingerianus Kazmi; 2n = 2x = 28 in C. argentatus L., C. acicularis Bertol. and C. pycnocephalus L. subsp. albidus (M. Bieb.) Kazmi; 2n = 2x = 34 in C. pycnocephalus subsp. arabicus (Jacq. ex Murray) Nyman and subsp. breviphyllarius P. H. Davis; 2n = 2x = 50 in C. nervosus K. Koch.; and 2n = 2x = 62 in C. pycnocephalus subsp. pycnocephalus. Karyotype analysis indicated that chromosomes of the Carduus taxa generally have centromere median region (m), submedian region (sm), and rarely median point (M) of the chromosome. A pair of satellite chromosomes (sat-chromosome) was observed in C. pycnocephalus subsp. breviphyllarius. The findings for each of the analysed taxa are compared with the results of previous studies. The chromosome number and morphology of C. nervosus, C. rechingerianus, C. argentatus, C. pycnocephalus subsp. arabicus and subsp. breviphyllarius are newly reported here.

SummaryIn this study, the chromosome number and detailed morphometric properties of six endemic taxa belonging to five dicot families which grow naturally in Turkey were examined. The somatic chromosome number and karyotype formula of the taxa of Asteraceae family were determined to be 2n=18 and 8m+1sm in Tanacetum argenteum ssp. argenteum and 2n=18 and 7m+2sm+1B in Tanacetum densum ssp. sivasicum, respectively. The somatic chromosome number and karyotype formula were determined as 2n=32 and 10m+6sm in Fumana trisperma belonging to Cistaceae, 2n=14 and 5m+2sm in Onobrychis albiflora belonging to Fabaceae, 2n=14 and 2m+5sm in Salvia blepharochlaena belonging to Lamiaceae, and 2n=14 and 2m+5sm in Glaucium acutidentatum belonging to Papaveraceae family. The somatic chromosome numbers of six taxa collected from different localities in Turkey were counted for the first time, except for T. argenteum var. argenteum and Salvia blepharocleana.

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eren university, Bitlis, turkey; b faculty of education, department of Primary education, firat university, elazig, turkey; c faculty of agriculture, department of field Crops, Kahramanmaras sutçu imam university, Kahramanmaras, turkey; d faculty of science and arts, department of Biology, firat university, elazig, turkey