In Argentina, oregano (Origanum spp.) is one of the most important aromatic species. Leaves and flowering tops are used as seasoning, targeting the retail consumer, industrial and less to export. Local production has low-average yields due to the variability of cultivated material, the vegetative propagation methods used, and the lack of knowledge and adaptive experimentation on advanced cultivation practices. Clones of oregano grown in the country were collected in order to characterize the germplasm used in Argentina. Twelve oregano clones, sanitized by meristems culture and micropropagated in vitro, were field evaluated in three different growing locations. Regardless of growing site, the quantitative variables with more discriminating value were essential oils yield, internode length, length of the longest branch, fresh weight, dry weight of leaf and stem, leaf/stem ratio, and leaf area. Based on the quantitative traits, oregano clones can be classified into four groups. From the observations based on botanical characteristics, it was determined that the evaluated clones belong to three different taxa: Origanum vulgare ssp. vulgare, Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum, and Origanum x majoricum (hybrid). Within each group, the clones belong to the same taxon.

Lippia integrifolia“incayuyo” es un arbusto aromático y medicinal de interés económico cuya distribución abarca desde Bolivia hasta el noroeste y centro de Argentina. Presenta una amplia variabilidad intraespecífica, la cual podría ser el resultado de la interacción con el ambiente y/o estar determinada genéticamente. Debido a esta variabilidad, estudios de caracterización son necesarios para posteriores evaluaciones agronómicas, mejoramiento genético, selección,reproducción y conservación de ejemplares con características deseables. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar, utilizando dos métodos de estimación, el número de individuos mínimo a relevar in situque representen la variabilidad morfológica de una población de L. integrifolia. A partir de un muestreo preliminar realizado en el Parque Nacional Talampaya en el que se registraron 11 caracteres morfométricos en L. integrifolia, se realizó una estimación paramétrica y una no paramétrica del Tamaño Muestral Mínimo. Sobre la base de los caracteres morfométricos aquí evaluados se recomienda un tamaño de muestra mínimo de entre 35 a 40 ejemplares, determinado por los caracteres que mostraron mayor variabilidad, con el cual se garantizaría poder captar la variabilidad morfológica de la especie.

No abstract

Lippia integrifolia"incayuyo" is an aromatic, sub-woody shrub used in popular medicine, aperitit drinks and compound herbs. Its choleretic, antispasmodic, biocidal, antibacterial and larvicidal activity has been proven. The objective of the work was to register the phenology of a sample of 70 genotypes from a population with a broad genetic base. The phenophases studied were: vegetative growth, flower bud, flowering and fruiting fortnightly for two years. The initiation, intensity and prolongation of the phenophases were evaluated. The moment of full bloom occurs during the second half of December. Taking this date as a reference, a differentiated beginning of flowering was evidenced. The results of two campaigns were compared, observing that 70% of the specimens had a similar behavor, standing out some genotypes for presenting an early flowering and longer duration. The recorded variability suggests that much of it could be due to intrinsic factors of the plant, and therefore, feasible to be selected.