The effect of fertilizing three triticale varieties (Timiryazevskya, Karmen, and Ukro) with nitrogen at different rates either one time at pre-sowing (N30, N 60, N90, N 120 and N150) or two times at pre-sowing and flowering stage (N90+ N30) and (N90+ N60) has been studied. The data indicated that all nitrogen treatments applied either at pre-sowing or/ and flowering stage resulted in a significant increase in triticale yield of three varieties (t/ha) compared to control. The highest yield in Timiryazevskya (5.52 t/ha) was obtained after N120+N0 treatment, while in case of Karmen the highest yield (5.19 t/ ha) was obtained with N150+N0 fertilizing, as to Ukro the highest value (5.05 t/ ha) was noticed after N90+N30 treatment. Besides, the values of 1000 grains weight (gm) insignificantly increased in all cases. Protein and gluten percentage points grew simultaneously with increasing nitrogen amount.

Обсуждаются результаты исследований о влиянии совместного применения протравителя Поларис и микроудобрения Силиплант, а также различных видов удобрений на фотосинтетическую деятельность посевов, урожайность и качество урожая ячменя. Выявлено, что применение протравителя Поларис для обработки семян позволило повысить всхожесть в поле в среднем на 3,9, а обработка семян баковой смесью Полариса и микроудобрения Силиплант увеличила полевую всхожесть на 21,3 по сравнению с контролем и на 17,4 по сравнению с обработкой семян только Поларисом. Показана положительная роль Органика и органоминерального удобрения ЭкоФус на выживаемость растений к уборке, где применение препарата Органик обеспечило повышение выживаемости на 8,19,5, а обработка посевов органоминеральным удобрением ЭкоФус увеличило выживаемость на 11,813,5 по сравнению с контролем. Обработка семян баковой смесью Силипланта с Поларисом и внесение органоминерального удобрения Экофус оказало положительное влияние на формирование фотосинтетического потенциала, который составил 1200,3 тыс. м2/гадн, что на 227,3 тыс. м2/гадн больше, чем в варианте с необработанными семенами. Баковая смесь Силипланта с Поларисом повысила урожайность ячменя в среднем за 2 года на 0,65 т/га по сравнению с контролем, на 0,34 т/га по сравнению с Силиплантом и на 0,17 т/га по сравнению с Поларисом. В среднем за 2 года наибольшая урожайность ячменя Михайловский была получена в варианте с применением ЭкоФуса (2 л/га) 4,58 т/га, что на 1,03 т/га больше, чем в контроле, на 0,33 т/га больше, чем при внесении минерального азота, и на 0,17 т/га больше, чем при внесении препарата Органик. В условиях достаточного увлажнения в 2017 году наибольший урожай ячменя был получен при внесении Органика и органоминерального удобрения ЭкоФус и составил соответственно 5,11 и 5,89 т/га. В условиях недостатка влаги в 2018 году более высокий урожай получен при внесении минерального азота 4,05 т/га. Содержание белка в зерне в большей степени повышалось при внесении минерального азота N50, причём при недостатке влаги отмечалось более существенное увеличение белка, тогда как при внесении органоминерального удобрения ЭкоФус отмечена тенденция к снижению содержания белка в зерне ячменя, что очень важно для пивоваренного ячменя. This article deals with effects of disinfectant Polaris, microfertilizer Siliplant and other fertilizers on barley photosynthetic activity, productivity and grain quality. Application of Polaris improved germination ability by 3.9 while use of Polaris and Siliplant together by 21.3. Fertilizers Organik and EkoFus increased plant viability by 8.19.5 and 11.813.5, respectively. Seed treatment with Siliplant and Polaris and fertilization by EkoFus positively affected plant photosynthetic potential that amounted to 1200.3 thousand m2 days ha1, exceeding the control by 227.3 thousand m2 days ha1. For 2 years Siliplant and Polaris improved barley productivity by 0.65 t ha1 compared to the control, 0.34 t ha1 compared to Siliplant and 0.17 t ha1 compared to Polaris. The highest productivity happened under EkoFus application (4.58 t ha1) exceeding the control by 1.03 t ha1, mineral nitrogen by 0.33 t ha1, and Organik treatment by 0,17 t ha1. Under sufficient water content barley Mikhaylovskiy yielded the best under Organik and EkoFus application (5.11 and 5.89 t ha1, respectively). Under water deficit mineral nitrogen was more effective providing yield of 4.05 t ha1. Fertilization with N50 resulted in the highest increase of protein content in grain. EkoFus caused decrease in protein accumulation.

The results of this experiment showed the effect of barley seeds pre-treatments and organo-mineral fertilizer on the morpho-physiological evaluation of seedlings, seed quality and productivity of spring barley (Mikhailovsky). Variance analysis results (ANOVA) showed extremely significant (p less than 0.05) variations between different treatments in all traits, where the treatments led to increasing the germination energy, laboratory germination, growth force and weight of 100 sprouts compared with control. There was a positive effect on the development of the barley root system. Pre-treatment of seeds in wet years have been proven to be the most effective, while the efficiency of seed treatment pre-sowing decreased when soil moisture was low. Therefore, in 2017 barley productivity increased when the seeds were treated with a mixture of Polaris with Siliplant by 25% compared to control, while in 2018 the yield increased (7.1%) when mixture of Siliplant with Polaris was applied compared to control.

The results of the conducted studies have shown that spring barley under different meteorological conditions of the growing season reacts differently to the treatment with growth regulators and the introduction of biofertilizers. In conditions of lack of moisture, the treatment of plants with growth regulators does not reduce the height of plants, but at the same time reduces the yield of the crop, depending on the type of retardant, by 0.82-1.52 t / ha. HEFC, BP and Hardy, R. have a significant effect on the yield in arid conditions. Moreover, the use of the drug Hari in its pure form reduces the yield of barley by 0.9 t / ha, and with the combined use of the drug Hardy, P with biofertilizers, the yield of barley practically does not decrease.

in arid conditions of the growing season, the use of growth regulators of the retardant type Moddus, CE and Hardy, P on barley crops reduces the lodging of plants and reduces the yield of spring barley. When treating seeds with Moddus, CE, the most intense shortening of the first and second internodes was noted (24 and 7%, respectively), while the diameter of the stem of the 2nd internode increased slightly compared to the control variant. Seed treatment with Moddus, CE reduced lodging by 3%, and treatment in the DC phase 0 (seed treatment)+DC 25-29 (mid-end tillering phase) proved to be ineffective, where the lodging of plants increased the lodging on the control variant.The treatment of seeds with Hardy, P at a dose of 50 ml / t, as well as the treatment of plants at a dose of 300 ml / ha more intensively affected the length of the second internode, reducing it by 22% and 3%, respectively, relative to the control. When processing Hardy plants, P lodging decreased by 12%, while when processing plants with Moddus, CE by only 5%. In conditions of lack of moisture during the growing season, the use of retardants led to a decrease in the yield of barley grain by 7 - 39%. A minimal decrease of 0.3 t/ha was observed in the variant with the treatment of seeds and plants with Hardy, P at a dose of 100 ml/t+300 ml/ha.