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This paper presents the results of research on the effect of hydrated calcium sulfate (phosphogypsum) on the mechanical properties of composite based on aluminum powder. The phosphogypsum used is a by-product obtained in the phosphate fertilizers industry, e.g., at the Gdańskie Zakłady Fosforowe "Fosfory. " The amount of phosphogypsum produced in Poland must be reduced due to the high costs of its storage and environmental protection. One of the ways to dispose of it is to use it as a filler in composite rods based on aluminum powder. The amount of phosphogypsum added was 2% and 5% by weight in relation to the aluminum powder's weight. The filled composite was subjected to strength tests to show whether phosphogypsum improves the mechanical properties of aluminum rods. Based on the results obtained, it was revealed that phosphogypsum used as a filler causes similar changes in the mechanical properties as mineral fillers described in the literature. Based on analyses of market potential, it can be easily assumed that there is a significant demand for the results of research on the use of phosphogypsum. The end of the article summarizes the discussed issue, emphasizing that solutions are sought for the use of phosphogypsum.

This article presents the results of a study on metallurgical slag reduction using biomass such as Spent Coffee Grounds (SCGs). The proposed solution is a new aspect of searching for alternatives to standard reducers used in pyrometallurgical processes of metal production. Its gasification yields significant amounts of hydrocarbons, which are excellent reducing agents in such processes. The research results of copper slag reduction with the use of SCG biomass indicate this process is characterised by lower carbon dioxide emissions compared with the process using solid fuels such as coke and coke breeze. The addition of SCG as the reducer ensures the decrease in copper content in the slag to 0.32 wt.%, which corresponds to the increase of so-called relative decopperisation degree even up to 96.9%. As the decopperisation degree of slag increases, significantly more intense reduction in lead oxides during the reduction process is observed. The smallest lead content in waste slag of 0.91 wt.% was obtained for the slag reduction process with 7.56 wt.% of SCG as the reducer and the process duration of 1.5 h.

Influence of temperature on the rate of copper recovery from the slag of the flash dIrect-toblIster process by a solId carbon reducer WpłyW temperatury na szybkość odmiedzioWania żużla z procesu zaWiesinoWego za pomocą reduktora WęgloWegoThe aim of the work was to investigate the influence of temperature on the rate of copper removal from the obtained slag from the flash direct-to-blister process by means of a carbon reducer. The slag used in this work was taken from the direct-to-blister Outokumpu flash furnace at the smelter in Głogów, and graphite penetrators were used as the slag reducers. The experiment was carried out at 1573 K, 1623 K and 1673 K. It was found that the rate of the de-coppering process of the "Głogów" slag increased with the increase of temperature.Keywords:Celem pracy było określenie wpływu temperatury na kinetykę procesu odmiedziowania żużli z procesu zawiesinowego za pomocą reduktora węglowego. Do badań użyto żużel pobrany z procesu zawiesinowego realizowanego w HM "Głogów", przy czym reduktorem były penetratory grafitowe zanurzane w badanym żużlu. Badania przeprowadzono w temperaturach 1573 K, 1623 K i 1673K. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że szybkość procesu zwiększała się ze wzrostem temperatury ale tyko w pierwszym okresie.