Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a part of the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the Sun. The present study was conducted to examine the deleterious effects of UV radiation on the stratum corneum of fish—namely, Glossogobius giuris. In this study, healthy living specimens of G. giuris species weighing (1.20 g) and length (4.06 cm) were collected from Thandavarayankulam lake, Srivaikuntam Taluk, Thoothukudi District, Tamil Nadu. They were transported to the laboratory in well-aerated containers. During the experiment, the fish G. giuris (n = 6) was introduced into the UV Chamber (UVA and UVB) for one hour. After that, experimental fishes were collected from the UV Chamber were dissected for histological and biochemical studies using standard methodology. The short-term exposure of UVA and UVB rays on freshwater G. giuris muscle tissue showed marked degeneration of the epithelium, the disappearance of striations, thickened septal wall, broken fibre, and the disappearance of striation, followed by branchial arterial rupture. It was also determined that carbohydrate, protein, and lipid contents of the muscle tissue were significantly reduced. This study confirmed the destructive effects of UV radiation on the stratum corneum of fish G. giuris. The ultrastructural and biochemical changes occur depending largely on the energy of the UV rays; in this case, the UVB radiation, with higher destructive energy (4.4 eV), had a greater detrimental effect on the muscles of G. giuris than UVA, with its energy level of 3.9 eV.

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Two hundred and forty (240) numbers of day old broiler straight run chicks were wing banded, weighed and randomly allotted to 5 groups 6 replicates of eight chicks each based on the body weight. The treatments were, Basal diet without CoQ 10 supplementation, Low energy diet without CoQ 10 supplementation, Low energy diet with 20mg of CoQ 10 /kg diet, Low energy diet with 40mg of CoQ 10 /kg diet, Low energy diet with 60mg of CoQ 10 /kg diet. Muscle total lipid was estimated gravimetrically by using Folch method of lipid extraction. The antioxidant ability of muscle was determined by the method described by Benzie and Strain. One gram of muscle tissue was taken and CoQ 10 was extracted by using solvents methanol:hexane. Protein content of meat was estimated by kjeldhal method according to procedure described in AOAC. Hepatic mitochondria were obtained by differential centrifugation as outlined by Cawthon et al., (1999). Mitochondrial protein concentration was estimated as per the method of Lowry et al., 1971. There was a significant difference in protein content of the breast muscle was observed between treatment groups and control. The protein accretion on the muscle ranged from 7 to 9%. The result of the present study agrees with the average value of 22% in breast muscle of broiler chicken.The effect of CoQ 10 on muscle lipid did not exhibit any variation. It is understood from the result that CoQ 10 on lipid accretion in muscle is negligible. The results of the study clearly proved that antioxidants level was influenced by the level of CoQ 10 in the diet. Further the present study also shown that antioxidants status was lower in birds fed less energy in the diet. Our findings agrees with many earlier observations (Littarru et al., 2007), Mates et al., (1999, Kapoor andKapoor (2013) and Fathi (2015) on antioxidants status due to supplementation of CoQ 10. There was no significant difference existed in the mean breast muscle CoQ 10 for T3 and T4 group of birds. The mean breast muscle CoQ 10 was significantly (P<0.05) lower in low energy diet without CoQ 10 supplemented group (T2). The mean muscle mitochondrial protein concentration was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the CoQ 10 supplemented group of birds (T3, T4 and T5) in comparison to T2 and groups. There was no significant difference in the mean mitochondrial protein concentration of T3, T4 and T5 groups of chicken.

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