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Giant congenital melanocytic nevus (garment nevus) is a kind of congenital malformation of neural crest cells with size greater than 20 cm. Malignant melanoma may develop in 2-31% of these lesions. The objective of this paper is to present a unique case of giant nevus which is rare. [Int J Res Med Sci 2013; 1(3.000): 317-319

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Neonatal jaundice is a condition that occurs within the first week of life as a result of excessive accumulation of a bile pigment called bilirubin in the body. It occurs as a usual process in 65-70% of the new-born. However, it may occur due to lack of breastmilk feeding, extreme dehydration or due to some genetic disorders, metabolism disorders, gland malfunction or liver diseases. Sometimes neonatal jaundice can cause complications and even lead to death, if not treated at time. It is important to determine whether the infant's jaundice is physiological or pathological and then treated accordingly. So, the study aims to review the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of neonatal jaundice addressing complexities that have arisen with new technologies. It also discusses the medical and nursing management guidelines regarding the prevention and care of the neonates and their families with jaundice. and highly nutritious containing 90% water, 4% lipid, 1% lactose, 1% lactoferrin, 1% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), vitamins, and minerals (iron, zinc, calcium, sodium, chloride, magnesium, and selenium) [5]. It is a rich source of Bifidus factor, lymphocytes, macrophages, IgA, IgM, and certain immune system constituents. It also releases oxytocin, thereby improving the bond between mother and child [6]. Therefore, breast milk should be feed exclusively for six months in infants.

Breast carcinoma is a heterogenous disease, with wide variation in clinical behavior. Breast carcinoma is no longer seen as a single disease but rather as a multifaceted disease comprised of distinct biological subtypes with diverse natural history. Carcinoma breast has a varied spectrum of clinical, pathological and molecular features with different prognostic and therapeutic implications. The biological nature of the disease and clinical outcome are closely inter-linked. Over the last few decades there have been outstanding ABSTRACT Background: In English literature it is documented that the expression of ER and PR is low in Asian countries when compared to that of Western countries. HER2/neu over expression is uniform throughout the world. Studies have shown that triple-negative breast carcinomas are aggressive, likely to spread beyond the breast and recur after treatment. Aims and objectives: To correlate the expression of ER, PR and HER 2/neu with clinico-pathological parameters in infiltrating ductal carcinoma and other variants of breast carcinoma. To determine the clinicopathological parameters in triple negative cases. Methods: This is a prospective study for a period of two years in the Department of Pathology, Andhra Medical College, a tertiary care centre. We received 111 mastectomy specimens during this period out of which 52 patients were funded under Arogyasri and were subjected for ER, PR, HER2/neu receptor study. Results: In the present study total cases analyzed were 52. Infiltrating ductal carcinoma was 41/52 (78.84%) and other variants were 11/52 (21.15%). In our institute infiltrating duct cell carcinoma (NOS) type was the commonest type of carcinoma breast with significant group occurring in less than 45 years of age, 95 % of women were multipara with two or more children and triple negative tumors being 54.83%.In infiltrating ductal carcinoma ER, PR positive expression has no association with age and size of tumor. Their expression was higher in grade 1 tumors 83.3%.The ER,PR negative expression was more in size of tumor being greater than 2 cm; (92.5%),positive lymph nodes (51.8%) and stage II and stage III tumors (96.2%). HER2/neu negative expression was seen in 51.61% of cases. Triple negative receptor expression was seen in 54.83% of infiltrating ductal carcinoma. In the English literature medullary carcinoma is negative for HER2/neu expression but in the present study in 2 cases the expression for HER2/neu was positive. Conclusion: In the present study significant group occurred in less than 45 years of age presenting in advanced stage of the disease. Triple negative cases were seen in 54.8% cases of infiltrating duct cell carcinoma indicating bad prognosis.