National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) is a pan-India electronic trading portal that networks the existing APMC mandis to create a unified national market for agricultural commodities. The study investigated the knowledge level of e-NAM registered farmers about the features and functioning of e-NAM in Duggirala market of Andhra Pradesh during 2019-2020. A total sample of 120 farmers was randomly selected from six mandals viz. Kollur, Kollipara, Bhattiprolu, Tenali, Mangalagiri and Duggirala of Guntur district in Andhra Pradesh. The data were collected with pre-structured interview schedule. The knowledge on functioning of e-NAM was measured in three phases viz. gate entry, quality assaying and e-bidding. Majority of the farmers had knowledge on details of registration fee, details of quality assaying fee and provision of choice to accept or reject the bid in the gate entry, quality assaying and e-bidding phases of e-NAM respectively. Further, it was observed that majority of the farmers had medium level of knowledge on functioning of e-NAM. Knowledge scores were significantly related with education, extension contact, market orientation, income orientation, mass media exposure, risk orientation and social participation. All the selected eleven variables of the profile put together explained about 59.90 per cent variation in the knowledge of respondents. There is a large scope for imparting training to the farmers about various aspects of e-NAM in order to enhance its utilization effectively and efficiently.

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Agricultural education has now to evolve in tune with fast changing national and international scenario. The agricultural graduates are required to possess professional capabilities to deal with the concerns of sustainable development. Agri-business comprises of organizations and enterprises which in some way contribute for value and supply chain elements such as production, processing, marketing, packaging, transportation and wholesale and retail trade. Bringing as many agricultural graduates in the field of entrepreneurship as agri-preneurs is the challenging task of the policy makers in the present situation. Entrepreneurship in Agriculture is a strategic development intervention that has the potential to accelerate the development process. Agri-preneurship is greatly influenced mainly by the economic situation, education and culture. Integration of entrepreneurship education into the curriculum is imperative so as to produce graduates who would be self-employed in the face of biting economic quagmire where the government cannot provide employment for every graduate.  A total of ten (10) agri-preneurs who are the alumni of State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana states completed their under graduation or post graduation and converted as successful agri-preneurs in different agriculture and allied activities were selected as sample. Exploratory research design was adopted in the study to obtain pertinent and information of the respondents. The case study method used for the documentation of agriculture graduates as successful agri-preneurs. Semi-structured interview schedule was designed for data collection. The factors were broadly divided into three categories viz., personal factors, financial factors, and environmental factors. The respondents were asked to rank the factors for each category separately. By using the Garrett’s ranking technique, the important factors which lead to become successful agri-preneurs were determined. Among personal factors work experience, passion, Communication and Marketing Skills; among financial factors Capital, Financial Resource; among environmental factors Market Demand, Man Power were found to be more significant factors influencing the establishment and for further growth of business. Hence there is a need to orient the agricultural graduates towards those factors and inculcate such paradigms in their academic environment for converting agricultural graduates as successful agri-preneurs.

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The present study was conducted during 2017-2020 with an aim to find out the livelihood patterns of agricultural labourers in three districts of Andhra Pradesh. An Ex post facto research design used for the study. Three districts from three regions namely, Srikakulam from North Coastal Region, Guntur from South Coastal Region were purposively selected based on highest number of agricultural labourers for the study. From each selected district two mandals were selected by using simple random sampling. From each selected village six villages were selected by using the simle random sampling. Thus, total of 24 villages and from each village ten respondents were selected finally a total of 240 respondents were selected for the study. The statistical tools like Mean and standard Deviation used for the study. Livelihood is the means of people use to survive themselves, to endure, and to prosper. The findings were less than wage earning+ crop production (31.67%), wage earning+ dairy (20.83%), wage earning (15.42%), wage earning+ crop production + dairy (12.50%), wage earning + poultry (4.59%), wage earning + crop production + sheep + goat (3.73%), wage earning + dairy + goat (3.33%), wage earning + bee keeping (2.92%), wage earning + crop production+ poultry (2.08%), wage earning+ dairy + petty business (1.26%), wage earning + crop production + piggery and wage earning + dairy+ bee keeping (0.83% each) as livelihood pattern. The strategy was designed with a five-step progressive approach with five core areas to improve the livelihood security of agricultural labourers; the core areas were; education and training, group dynamics, cultural heritage, health and habitat, support and services and communication and networking.