A new strain of the old pandemic, Monkeypox (MPX), has emerged with a more complicated clinical appearance. It is a source of relief that the fatality rate in the new monkeypox is lower, but communicability is higher. This infection’s diagnosis and therapy are still challenging and unknown. Researchers are reporting increased human-to-human transmission in the modified version of MPX. There have been several reports of the updated version of monkeypox in the European and American areas. Brazil, Colombia, France, Spain, Germany, Peru, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America have recorded over three thousand new cases of monkeypox through October 2022. Few antiviral medicines and vaccines are available on the market, making treatment of this condition difficult. MPX was previously declared an epidemic disease, but ignorance about it can bring devastation in the shape of the next pandemic-like COVID-19. This review aims to assess the virology, transmission, diagnosis, and therapy of MPX.

The EGFR family of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs) consists of 4 members (collectively referred to as the ErbB or HER family): EGFR itself, ErbB2 (HER2/Neu), ErbB3 (HER3) and ErbB4 (HER4). Like all RTKs, each ErbB receptor comprises a large extracellular region, a single spanning trans-membrane (TM) domain, an intracellular ABSTRACT EGFR is a tyrosine kinase receptor that has a role in the tumorigenesis of many types of solid tumors. Aberrantly phosphorylated or overexpressed EGFR is associated with cellular proliferation, prevention of apoptosis, activation of invasion and metastasis, and stimulation of tumor-induced neovascularization. EGFR's hyperactivity has been observed in ovarian cancer. Although conventional chemotherapy and surgery for advanced ovarian cancer have improved over the years, still there is a critical need for the development of molecular targeted therapies. The major challenge for this approach is the complete understanding of the protein structure of this mega receptor. In this study, we explored this receptor using in silico tools. The protein structure of the EGFR kinase domain (PDB ID: 1M17) and co-crystal containing EGFR and PTP1B kinase domain fragment (PDB ID: 3I7Z) were obtained from the RCSB Protein Data Bank. We performed protein-protein docking using BioLuminate. It was found in this study that the DADEYL segment of EGFR (position 988-993) which includes autophosphorylated tyrosine at position 992, is the segment that is responsible for the overexpression of this receptor in ovarian cancer. There are currently two main classes of clinically-approved drugs which downregulate EGFR activity; tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and monoclonal antibodies (Mabs). However, treatment with both type of therapies has been met with shortcomings. Therefore, there is a need for further studies to explore the suitable ligands that can downregulate its activity.

G6PD is rate limiting enzyme in pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), have effective physiological role in  supply of NADPH by converting it into Glucose-6-phosphate to phospogluconate which acts as a major cell reductant and useful to cell survival. Brain is highly sophisticated organ of our body which requires continuous supply of energy in form of glucose. Daily requirement of brain glucose is 120gm. G6PD plays a key role in it. According to WHO 75% of world population have more than one gene for G6PD and around  2.9% of population is G6PD deficient. It is most common enzymatic disorder of cell effecting 200-400 million people. G6PD exist in all cell to oxidative damage and it is responsible for various neurodegenerative disorder like Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s, Schizophrenia catatonia, Neuronal toxicity etc. The research work was aimed to check the neuroprotective potential of Melatonin with Primaquine and Melatonin with Aspirin (contraindicated to G6PD deficient individuals) in Atrazine induced G6PD deficiency in Albino Rats. Study was carried out for the various biochemical parameters (G6PD, Nitrites, LDH, Glucose), neurotransmitters (Serotonin, Dopamine, Nor-adrenaline), anti-oxidant activity (GSH, LPO, SOD and Catalase) and histopathological evaluation.