Plectranthus spp (Lamiaceae) are plants of economic importance because they are sources of aromatic essential oils and are also cultivated and several species of this genus are used as folk medicines. This paper describes the effects of different concentrations of the 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on the induction of callus from nodal segments of Plectranthus ornatus Codd and in the production of volatile organic compounds (monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes). The 20 and 40 day calli were subjected to solid phase micro extraction (HS-SPME) and OPEN ACCESSMolecules 2013, 18 10321 submitted to GCMS analysis. Variations in VOCs between the samples were observed and, a direct relationship was observed between of the major constituent detected (α-terpinyl acetate) and the monoterpenes α-thujene, α-pinene, β-pinene, camphene, sabinene and α-limonene that were present in the volatile fractions. Besides α-terpinyl acetate, isobornyl acetate and α-limonene were also major constituents. Variations were observed in VOCs in the analyzed periods. The best cultivation media for the production of VOCs was found to be MS0 (control). Moderate success was achieved by treatment with 2.68 µM and 5:37 µM NAA (Group 2). With 2,4-D (9.0 µM), only the presence of α-terpinyl acetate and isocumene were detected and, with 2.26 µM of 2,4-D was produced mainly α-terpinyl acetate, α-thujene and β-caryophyllene (16.2%). The VOC profiles present in P. ornatus were interpreted using PCA and HCA. The results permitted us to determine the best cultivation media for VOC production and, the PCA and HCA analysis allowed us to recognize four groups among the different treatments from the compounds identified in this set of treatments.

, respectively). At concentration higher than 10 µg mL -1 of rosmarinic acid it was not observed the correlation with AA, suggesting some other anti-oxidant mechanism acting.

This work describes an in vitro propagation protocol for the large-scale cultivation of Leptohyptis macrostachys (Benth.) Harley & JFB Pastore and the influence of abiotic factors on podophyllotoxin and yatein production. The plant was established from seeds collected in Chapada Diamantina, BA, Brazil and submitted to different growth mediums and physical conditions. The podophyllotoxin and yatein contents were quantified by HPLC/DAD and with pure standards and these two lignans were present in all experiments. The lignan quantities were evaluated using the Sisvar Program, compared by Tukey's test and hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis. In all experiments, podophyllotoxin and yatein were detected at different concentrations. The best protocol cultivar of L. macrostachys was established from seeds in MS ½ medium supplemented with 1.5% sucrose and 11.55 μM of gibberellic acid A3 (GA 3 ) at 30°C, which yielded the highest concentration of podophyllotoxin (5.831 mg g −1 ). These results are important findings for the production of podophyllotoxin from the tissue culture.