Bigels are unique two-phase systems that have recently been presented as a structured method for active ingredient application. The purposes of the current study were to develop and characterize bigel formulations containing loxoprofen. They have the benefits of both hydrogel and organo-gel. In order to enhance penetration, pluronic lecithin was added to form the organo-gel, and HPMC was added to form the hydrogel, which properly hydrates the stratum corneum. Bigels were produced by mixing hydrogel with organo-gel in the appropriate ratio. pH, viscosity, extrudability, spreadability, and Gel-sol transition temperature were assessed for organo-gel and hydrogel. For the preparation of bigel, formulations O3 from organo-gel and H3 from hydrogel were characterized as optimum formulations. pH, viscosity, extrudability, spreadability, Gel-sol transition temperature, and other properties of the produced bigel were assessed. An 8-hour invitro drug release investigation yielded B1's results, which were 84.77%.  B2 demonstrated 92.35 % release, B3 demonstrated 99.18% release, and bigel demonstrated extended-release. Based on evaluation characteristics, formulation B3 was chosen as the optimal formulation. Loxoprofen bigel release kinetics according to the Higuchi model. You can utilize loxoprofen bigel as an extended-release system. Keywords: Loxoprofen, (B)Bigel Pluronic F127, (O)Organo-gel, HPMC, Gel-sol, (H)Hydrogel

Pain has always been a distressing feeling or the unpleasant sensory and emotional experience. A pain free life is longing of everyone and this is the biggest challenge for the medical science practitioners nowadays as how to provide efficient pain management. In modern medicine we have variety of pain-relieving medications that works brilliantly for short period of time and when used for longer duration they come up with various side effects. So there is a need to find a way to relieve pain without much suffering to the patient and Agnikarma is one of the sound ways to do so. It is therapeutic burning with special tools on specific sites according to the disease. It is a parasurgical procedure that is utilized as curative procedure, or as postoperative procedure or in hemostatic manner. Agnikarma is derived from Ayurveda, a renowned Indian system of medicine, which is procedure used generally for the management of pain and also for curing various disorders. In Ayurveda Vata Dosha is responsible mainly for various types of Ruja or pain in the body and Agnikarma is one of the best method to pacifying Vata and Kapha Dosha and hence relieves pain. Acharya Sushruta, a renowned Vedic Indian surgeon has very well explained the eminence of Agnikarma by saying that the recurrence of disease will not be there if once they are treated with Agnikarma. He in his text mentioned various Dravyas according to the diseases through which Agnikarma can be performed. Also several Dahanaupkarana are mentioned in the classics that provide practitioner abundant methods to perform Agnikarma without much limitations

Tadalafil is used for the treatment of the erectile dysfunction (ED) and pulmonary arterial hypertension. It is having low aqueous solubility thus it shows poor bioavailability of about 28% by after oral administration. To improve its solubility and dissolution profile solid dispersions (SDPs) of Tadalafil was prepared by physical mixing and solvent evaporation method using polyvinyl pyrollidone-K30 (PVP-30) as a hydrophilic polymeric carrier in different proportions with respect to drug (drug to polymer ratio 1:1 to 1:5). Drug and polymer compatibility studies were performed using FTIR study. The best suitable ratio and method was selected on the basis of enhanced aqueous solubility of drugs. Further selected SDPs were evaluated for various parameters like DSC analysis, percentage yield, percent drug content, saturation solubility, percent drug dissolution and stability studies. FTIR study indicated no incompatibility between Tadalafil and PVP-K30. SDPs prepared with drug to polymer ratio 1:3 and solvent evaporation method was found to be best as they shown significant increased (up to 10 fold) in aqueous solubility in comparison with that of others. DSC study also suggested the depression in the crystalline nature of Tadalafil. Selected SDPs exhibited good stability up to 3 months at 25 ± 2°C /60 ± 5% RH. Based on the results it can be concluded that, SDPs shown remarkable increase in the aqueous solubility and dissolution of Tadalafil and it may improve oral bioavailability of drug as compared with plain drug.

Background: This research aims to prepare a hydrogel of psoralen and capsaicin extract for topical application using various gelling agents like Carbopol 940, HPMC, Pluronic 127, and Pectin to minimize the side effect of synthetic drugs in treating psoriasis. Natural, synthetic, and semi-synthetic polymers were utilized for the treatment of psoriasis provide a number of benefits, including improved skin permeability, particularly for psoralen, and improved drug stability with improved therapeutic concentration gradients across the skin. Psoriasis is a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease affecting 2-3 % worldwide. Methods: FTIR and HPLC confirm the extract identification. pH, spreadability, homogeneity, extrudability, phase separation, viscosity, drug content, and stability analysis are all tested on all prepared hydrogels. The releases of psoralen from all prepared formulations are studied in phosphate buffer pH 6.8 using dialysis membranes at 37oC. Results: The net results conclude that hydrogels made using Carbopol-940 and HPMC (A1, A3, B2, B3) are the most superior and reliable formulations in terms of physicochemical parameters and in vitro permeation studies, out of which 1% carbopol 940 formulations (A3) showed maximum %CDR of 87.96 % much higher compared to other concentration used. Fitting data of the best formulations (A1, A3, B2, B3) obtained from in vitro drug permeation studies showed the release best fitted to the Korsmeyer-Peppas model as indicated by higher R2 value. The optimum formulation (A3) has a higher R2 value, which is then compared with the marketed formulation for the release of psoralen (in vitro), showings that %CDR of A3 formulation (87.96%) is much higher than the %CDR of the marketed formulation (79.58%), due to the impact of capsaicin which acts as a penetration enhancer and therefore increases psoralen release from the hydrogel. Conclusion: As a result, the permeability issue with Psoralen for dermal drug administration has been overcome by using capsaicin as permeability enhancer.