Introduction This study aims to determine the relationship between chronological age and pulp cavity size and determine which type of tooth has a strong relationship between age and pulp cavity size. Materials and Methods Cone-beam computed tomography images from 200 patients aged between 18 and 55 years were analyzed. The software program (version 2.21) exported the images in the DICOM format, and the MIMICS software program (version 10.01) was used to calculate. The relationship between chronological age and pulp cavity size and determination of which type of tooth strongly relates to age and pulp cavity size were evaluated by Pearson correlation coefficient and Linear regression model. Results A total of 200 patients were included in the study. The minimum age recorded was 18 years, and the maximum period recorded was 55 years. The mean age was 35 years. The relationship between chronological age and pulp cavity size was statistically significant. Maxillary central incisor and mandibular first molar showed a strong relationship between chronological age and pulp cavity size. Conclusions In this study, the pulp cavity size of both maxillary central incisor and mandibular first molar showed a statistically significant correlation with age. The correlation between right and left is strong. So, maxillary central incisor and mandibular first molar is a valuable index for human age estimation with reasonable precision and accuracy.

Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the oral hygiene related quality of life in patients attending endodontic department and to access the relation of age and gender with Oral Health Related Quality Of Life. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study based on Oral Health Related Quality Of Life was done on patients attending endodontic department in a private dental hospital during the month of May 2018. Convenient sampling technique was used. All the patients attending endodontic department for Root Canal Treatment aged between 16-60 were included in the study. Any patient attending the department for re-RCT and medically compromised were excluded from the study The OHIP 14 questionnaire was used, which is divided into different conceptual dimensions i.e. functional dimension, physical pain, psychological pain, physical discomfort, psychological discomfort, physical disability, social disability and handicap. Spss ver20 was used for analysis and p value of ± 0.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 100 participants were included in the study. Out of which 42(42%) were male and 58(58%) were females. The mean age of the participants was 32.34 years. The mean OHIP score of this study was 21.95, whereas the minimum value was recorded as 1 and maximum value was recorded as 54.None of the participants showed OHIP score of zero. 24(24%) of the participants felt tense, 21% participants had painful aching while 20 (20%) reported to be self conscious due to problem with their teeth.7(7%) reported that very often they have taste worsening and only 10(10%) had trouble pronouncing words. Chi square between Gender of subject and trouble pronouncing any words showed a highly significant result (p-value= 0.058) A highly significant relationship was observed between both items of physical disability and Gender of subject(p-value 0.037 and 0.022). Conclusion: All the patients attending endodontic department were unsatisfied with their OHRQOL up to some extent. Patients experienced psychological discomfort and disability along with physical pain which in turn leads to compromised quality of life.

As far as our knowledge is, on the pervasiveness of the sensitive teeth in the adults of Pakistani population, there is not much data published. The data is collected from dental clinical examination and some self-governed questionnaires. Objective: To find out how common Dentine Hypersensitivity is in Pakistani people and to search out the causative elements/factors Methods: At the Dental College in Peshawar, Out-Patient Department (OPD) examined 1605 people. The questionnaire was distributed among the patients suffering from dentine hypersensitivity. Dental history, demographics, DH symptoms data dietary habits as well as the factors linked to DH, were collected in order to acquire the following information. In total 732 questionnaires were completed. Oral examinations were used to assess DH in people who had DH in at least one tooth. The participants also used a ten-digit visual analog scale to rate the seriousness of DH. A quick, acute pain emanating from uncovered dentine in rejoinder to an explorer probe and triple syringe wind squall of the tooth surface confirmed the diagnosis of DH. Results: The self-reported prevalence of Dentine Hypersensitivity was 13%, while the clinically diagnosed percentage of DH was 8.2%. Females were evaluated in greater numbers than males. The highest percentage of DH was observed in the patients of age group 30-39 years. The first molars and mandibular central incisors were the teeth that were considerably damaged. The main reason for the dentine hypersensitivity observed was the cold (89.4%). Those with moderate sensitivity for more than six months relied on natural remedies such as brushing with a pain - reducing paste rather than visiting their dentist. However, out of the total just 41 (8.8%) participants stated that they had visited a dental office. Conclusions: According to the findings, DH is a usual and widespread dental ailment in Pakistan. Despite the fact that the illness seems to cause some discomfort, majority of the patients prefer to either disregard it or simply endure it. As a result, the ailment is unlikely to have a substantial impact on the patients complaining of both the problem’s quality of life and lifestyle.

Among all the dental problems, tooth impaction is one of the leading dental problems these days. It is stated as the improper infusion when the tooth has erupted at the predicted time.  Canine impaction is the most egregious imposition and leads to frequent dental complications. Objective: To estimate the incidence of impacted canine in patients visiting tertiary care hospital of Peshawar, Pakistan Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Peshawar Dental College from 2018 to 2021. A total of 1326 patients visited the dental health care center during this period Results: Out of total 1326 patients, only 64 (4.8%) cases of affected canines were found with the orthomograph (OPG). Furthermore, these 64 individuals had affected canines in various sites, including the mandible, maxillary, left side and right side. Among total 64 patients, 153 impacted teeth were found on different locations. In these153 impacted teeth, 37 (24.2%) incidents of affected canines were recorded on the top right, whereas 49 (32%) were documented on the other side. However, 58 (37.9%) cases of impacted maxillary canine and only 9 cases (5.9%) of mandibular impacted canine were reported. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and treatment processes should be required to prevent different problems of canine impaction. Moreover, proper awareness and treatment approaches should be used in order to eradicate the after-effects of canine impaction.

Objective: To determine the effect of fluoride, citric acid and brushing on tooth enamel. Materials and Methods: This in vitro experimental study was conducted on 60 extracted premolars at Khyber College of Dentistry and Experimental procedure was performed at laboratory, Physics Department, Peshawar University. All maxillary and mandibular premolar teeth with normal tooth morphology extracted for orthodontic reasons and of both genders were included. Premolar teeth restored with fillings or crowns, pathologically affected teeth with caries, Amelogenesis/Dentinogensis Imperfecta, root canal treated teeth or teeth with surface loss (attrition, abrasion, erosion) were excluded from study. The effect on enamel was determined in term of weight change.Paired t test was applied to see the statistical evidence for difference in weight while Independent samples t test was applied to see the effect of different concentration of fluorides at p-value ≤ 0.05. Results: The weight of enamel decreased after immersion in citric acid (-4.134±139.34 mg), coke (-4.134±138.34 mg) and after brushing (-4.404±111.642 mg) statistically significantly (P<0.05). The increase in weight was statistically significant for 450 ppm fluoride (P=0.017) but insignificant after immersion in 225 ppm fluoride (P=.067). Conclusion: Fluoride should be routine part of oral hygiene measures. In patients who are more prone to cariogenic insults, especially physically handicapped and undergoing orthodontic treatment. The increased concentration of fluoride is recommended to enhance remineralization.