The purpose of the study was to examine the frequency of experiencing passionate love during adolescence and young adulthood as recalled by young adults, and to examine gender differences in this frequency. Female and male US. introductory psychology students, several of whom were of nontraditional age, responded to a questionnaire that asked about the frequency of their mutual and unrequited love experiences. Respondents provided information for four age periods ranging from childhood to age 25 years. Although the frequency of recalled mutual love experiences increased for both genders from childhood through the 16‐to‐20‐year‐age period, men reported more episodes or unrequited love during the 16‐to‐20‐year‐age period compared to (a) other age periods, (b) their reports of mutual love during that age period, and (c) the reports of unrequited love for 16‐to‐20‐year‐old women.

Ten positive, five neutral, and five negative events were presented to two chimpanzees, Tatu (female, 64 months old) and Dar (male, 56 months old), who had been cross-fostered from birth by human beings. Each event was announced in American Sign Language 10 s before. The announcements and events were common items in the cross-fostering routines and were administered according to a balanced design over a period of 2 months. Vocal and signed responses to the announcements and to the events were recorded. The likelihood of either mode of response depended on affective charge, and the likelihood of vocal and signed responses was positively correlated. Signed responses were more likely than vocal responses; signed responses were more likely to be evoked by announcements than by events, whereas vocal responses were more likely to be evoked by events than by announcements. The type of vocal response depended on the affective charge and on whether the response was immediate (to the event) or anticipatory (to the announcement). Incorporation of signs and phrases from the announcements, and reiteration of signs and phrases within an utterance depended on affective charge, just as they do for human children.

Males andfemales from early, middle, and late adolescent age groups were tested with three arrays in a modified version of a 20 Questions problem-solving task The arrays differed by perceptual and conceptual categorical contrasts. The participants'questions were examined to determine (a) how efficiently they used the categorical information present in the arrays and (b) the frequencies of different question types. Analysis showed that the arrays varied in how efficiently they were solved and that late adolescents were the most efficient at reducing alternatives by their third question. Question types differed predictably by array, exceptfor a slight bias favoring conceptual category questions for an array with a balanced mixture ofperceptual and conceptual properties. Developmental differences in both efficiency and question type seem related, and middle adolescent males exhibited a high frequency of syncretic questions, which may constitute aform of risk taking.

The initial questions of 180 males and females between the ages of 12 and 26 years were classified as they participated in a 20-questions problem-solving procedure. Three levels of questions (superordinate, basic, and subordinate) were observed for an array of conceptually organized exemplars. No age or gender differences were found but preference for superordinate-level initial questions was significant.

No abstract