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Analysis of a Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) system not provide trends that give insight into scenarios not actually effectiveness is limited in fidelity due to the inherent complexity of tested. Because of this, historical databases from which the the subject. A BMD battle manager must examine a scenario where analyst or designer can glean information about the many participants interact in a process taking a targetfrom sensor performance characteristics of working BMD systems are detection through intercept kill.Each participant evolves weak. independently such that the battle management process functions as a true system-of-systems (SoS). Proper SoS analysis requires As a result, the designer must rely on modeling and architecture level engineering, dealing with componentfunctionality simulation (M&S) tools to provide the data necessary to allocation and inter-component interaction rather than the internal perform trades studies and sensitivity analyses, which workings of individual participants. Methods that address BMD presents several challenges as well. The simulation of a effectiveness have been documented, but each sacrifices analysis complete BMD scenario requires execution of many highfidelity of both process elements and individual participants to fidelity physics-based M&S tools. A thorough simulation enable timely decision making. Modeling and simulation (M&S) should include everything in a standard kill chain, such as tools can now be brought forward in architecture level analysis by target detection, tracking, development of a fire control creating neural network surrogate models of those tools, which are solution, interception, and kill assessment. However, these equation representations ofthose M&S tools which can be executed tools usually require very long run times, making it difficult rapidly with negligible loss in fidelity. Surrogate models were X ' created of a BMD analysis tool including multi-sensor fusion target to assess the dependence of overall SoS performance on tracking codes. Results will show the benefit of integrating M&S to lower level system parameters and limits the ability to architecture level analysis. Specific examples include sensitivity of evaluate decisions made about the architecture of the operational level metrics to formation of an integration tracking integrated system. Researchers from various disciplines have picture, and the enabling architecture level decision making.been working to develop engineering tools that enable high level systems engineering tradeoffs based on analysis tools Keywords -Ballistic Missile Defense, Modeling and Simulation, representing elements of the BMD kill chain simulation. Neural Network Surrogate Models, Target Detection and Tracking, A major thrust of system engineering methods is to Sensor Fusion, Systems-of-Systems Architecture explore ways to infuse higher fidelity computer based modeling and simulation as early as possible in the design of I. MOTIVATION AND OVERVIEW a system, where information is scarce but have a great impact...

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