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Mental hygiene has for its object the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of sane behavior. It aims not only at the removal and prevention of mental maladjustments but also at the development of wholesome and hygienic attitudes, habits, and interests that make for sanity, happiness, and morale.Behavior may deviate in one or more respects from that which is generally accepted as normal. These deviations may be so slight as to escape detection or they may be pronounced, as in the case of insanity. It has been shown repeatedly in the preceding chapters that every phase of educational psychology, such as instinctive tendencies, reflex activities, habits, individual differences, and the laws of learning may be utilized in the promotion of a well-adjusted mind and in the prevention of nervous and mental disorders.Contributions have been made to the science of mental hygiene in the fields of psychology, psychiatry, physiology, and medicine. During the World War the medical and psychological branches of the military service made extensive examinations of the personnel for the detection of mental and nervous disorders. Studies were made of the methods of developing morale and rehabilitating disabled soldiers.Researches made in physiology show that definite physiological changes, such as a change in the distribution of the blood, a greater liberation of heat, and an increased metabolism, are correlated with mental work. More recent studies, by Cannon, Crile, and Schlapp, show a close rela-333

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