Introduction: Obesity is a chronic fatal disease with still growing incidence among children, adolescents, and adults worldwide. The subclinical inflammatory process together with hipoadiponectinemia may lead to the development of various comorbidities, including cardiovascular complications. That is why, the relationship between adipose tissue activity, obesity, insulin resistance, and endothelial function is in high interest and an object of extensively studies. Aim of the study: This article summarizes the current knowledge on the anti-atherogenic effects of adiponectin and its properties to improve endothelial function in obesity-related insulin resistance. Description of knowledge: Adiponectin, an adipose tissue-derived pleiotropic hormone with anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, anti-diabetic, and insulin-sensitizing actions, is not only engaged in modulation of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension or coronary artery disease, but the latest researches highlight its role in improving vascular wall integrity. It affects complex signaling pathways in endothelial cells and influence inflammatory responses in the subendothelial space. Pre-clinical and clinical studies suggest that agents leading to increase in adiponectin levels, simultaneously contribute to decrease insulin resistance, and improve endothelial dysfunction. Conclusions: Adiponectin may be a predictive factor of endothelial dysfunctionality and vascular remodeling development in the group of patients with overweight, obesity, and insulin resistance. Discovering pharmacological agents and non-pharmacological interventions that increase the level of circulating adiponectin will become novel and innovative therapeutic strategy to ameliorate obesity-related comorbidities. Therefore, further studies are required to determine the exact role of adiponectin in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases.

Słowa kluczowe cukrzyca, wiedza zdrowotna, zachowania prozdrowotne, dzieci Streszczenie Wstęp. Obserwuje się narastającą liczbę nowych zachorowań na cukrzycę typu 1 u dzieci i młodzieży. Choroba ta stwarza wiele problemów związanych z jej przebiegiem, długotrwałością leczenia oraz koniecznością samokontroli. W leczeniu chorób o przewlekłym przebiegu edukacja terapeutyczna uzupełnia i wspomaga prowadzoną terapię. Najważniejszym celem edukacji jest przekazanie informacji o chorobie, ale także wpływ na zachowania, postawy i nawyki chorego. Cel pracy. Celem badań była ocena wiedzy oraz zachowań zdrowotnych dzieci z cukrzycą typu 1. Materiał i metoda. Badania ankietowe przeprowadzono w roku 2016 wśród 100 dzieci chorych na cukrzycę typu 1 w wieku 12-16 lat (średnia wieku 13,63±2,74), leczonych w Uniwersyteckim Szpitalu Dziecięcym w Lublinie. W badaniach posłużono się autorską ankietą oraz standaryzowaną Skalą Akceptacji Choroby (AIS). Wyniki badań. Badania wskazują na niewystarczające przygotowanie chorych dzieci do prozdrowotnego stylu życia. Badani wykazali się znajomością tylko niektórych zasad kontroli i leczenia choroby. Największy deficyt wiedzy dzieci wykazały w zakresie zasad podawania insuliny i rozpoznawania objawów hipoglikemii. Chore dzieci miały za to dużą wiedzę odnośnie do zalecanej diety w cukrzycy oraz prawidłowego poziomu cukru we krwi. Badani prezentowali niski poziom zachowań zdrowotnych,

Trojanowska A, Brodowicz M. Knowledge of young women concerning the impact of natural feeding on the growth and state of health of a baby. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2017; 24(3): 484-488. doi: 10.5604/12321966.1232772 Abstract Introduction. Proper nutrition in childhood has a huge significance for the optimal physical and psychical growth and good state of health of a baby. Natural feeding is admittedly the healthiest method of feeding infants. In spite of increased knowledge about the short and long-term benefits of feeding babies with human milk, the percentage of infants nourished only by breastfeeding is still too low. Knowledge about the health benefits of breast milk should be spread among young women. Objective. The aim of the study was to attempt to discover how much knowledge young women have about the impact of natural feeding on the growth and state of health of a baby, as well as estimating the need for education in this area. Materials and method. Questionnaire study conducted in 2013 among 155 young women (average age 25.43±5.98 years) in Poland and in Belgium. Results. Own studies show that natural feeding still needs promotion and support. Knowledge about this among respondents varied and was incomplete. Often, they did not know all the benefits of natural feeding. The majority of respondents were aware that breastfeeding influenced the growth and health of the baby, but they did not have full knowledge about it. The respondents also did not have sufficient knowledge about the advantages of natural feeding in subsequent adult life. Only a small percentage of respondents (15%) had good knowledge about the benefits of breastfeeding. A higher level of knowledge occurred among women living in Poland who were older, better educated, lived in cities, and had breastfed earlier. Conclusions.A quite varied and not too high level of knowledge among young women about the benefits of natural feeding was observed, which points to the necessity of intensification of educational activities among them in this area.

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