Hypertensive elderly patients present decreased heart rate variability and decreased parasympathetic modulation when compared to normotensive elderly.

Introduction:Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction reflex of the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus (DM) favors an increase in morbidity and mortality related to cardiovascular events, and for this reason has been one of the most studied clinical entities.Method:An experimental study of a randomized clinical trial type was therefore proposed to analyze the hemodynamic and glycemic response after the practice of a rehabilitation program in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this clinical trial the patients will initially be submitted to an evaluation protocol that consists of assessing blood pressure, heart rate, Borg scale, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, distance traveled through the 6-minute walk test, quality of life questionnaire, Pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaire, and still glycated hemoglobin and heart rate variability through the cardiofrequency meter. After careful evaluation of the patients, they will be submitted to a metabolic rehabilitation program composed of aerobic and resisted exercises, performed for 12 weeks, in 3 weekly meetings of 60 minutes each. With such evaluations, it will be possible to construct with evidence that it is possible to work safer metabolic rehabilitation programs in patients with T2DM or other diseases that generate cardiovascular risks, guaranteeing them an improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness, hemodynamic and glycemic variables, allowing improvement of the quality of life.Ethics and Dissemination:The protocol is approved by the host institution's ethics committee under the number 1.616.721. Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journal articles and conferences. This clinical trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT3094767.

The increase in life expectancy associated with the increase in chronological age and less active people helps in the appearance of chronic and degenerative diseases. The encouragement of physical exercises contributes to older people abandoning sedentarism and preventing such diseases. Exergame is a promising alternative, for making exercise a pleasurable activity.In this study, we compared the performance of physically active older people with sedentary older people in exergames.Participants were 83 older adults over 65 years of age, of both sexes, divided into 2 physically active older people (AG) and sedentary older people (CG) groups. The participants performed a task through an exergame called “MoviLetrando” that uses the score, number of hits, number of omissions, and an average time of hits as an evaluation. A characterization questionnaire was applied, with information about sex, age, marital status, economic class, self-rated health, time of use of electronic games, a questionnaire on the practice of physical activity, and the Brunel Mood Scale.There was a higher exergame score in AG than in CG (P = .003), in the number of correct answers (P = .012). The number of omissions was lower in AG than in CG (P = .023). The mean time of correct answers was lower in AG than in CG (P = .013). The regression analysis revealed a significant finding F (3, 82) = 11.06, P < .001 and showed a prediction ability of 26.9% (r2 = .269). Three variables remained significantly associated with the score: physical activity was marginally significant (β = .19, P = .06), age (β = −.403, P < .001), depression (β = −.212, P = .028).Physically active older people perform better when compared with the sedentary older people. Age, depression, and physical activity influence the performance in exergame.

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Background: High blood pressure is an important public health problem due to its high prevalence, the difficulty to control it, and its high contribution to morbidity. A series of changes may be linked to the aging process, compromising cardiac conduction, and reducing cardiovascular baroreceptor function. Advancing age promotes a decline in heart rate variability and this decrease can increase the probability of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to analyze the autonomic modulation of heart rate in hypertensive elderly individuals during and after a session of aerobic exercise, and to compare it with elderly individuals without cardiovascular or metabolic disease. Our study was a non-randomized controlled study with hypertensive elderly (HBP group) and elderly without cardiovascular and/or metabolic diseases (control group). Data on blood pressure and heart rate variability (HRV) were collected before, during, and after 30 min of aerobic physical exercise on a treadmill. There was a reduction in HF (ms2) and SD1 (ms) in the 5 min of recovery for the elderly in the control group. The elderly in the control group also had greater RMSSD and SD1 30 min post-exercise when compared to the initial mins of recovery. We concluded that there was no difference in autonomic modulation and global heart rate variability between elderly individuals without cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and hypertensive individuals after a bout of aerobic exercise. Elderly individuals without metabolic diseases showed a decrease in parasympathetic modulation and global variability between the time of rest and 5 min of recovery. However, up to 30 min of post-exercise recovery, they restored parasympathetic activity.