The study of the problems of criminal political ideology objectively led to turn to theanalysis of the ideological basis of criminal law of the Soviet era, the sources of thisideology, forms and methods of its influence on the formation and implementation ofcriminal policy. Applying historical-legal, institutional and systemic methods of research,the roots of the criminal-legal policy of Bolshevism should be sought in the ideological andpolitical program and activities of the Bolsheviks, in the activities of their government,which chose terrorism against its own people. On the basis of this study, it is noexaggeration to say that the Bolshevik ideology (ideology of Marxism-Leninism-Stalinism)gave rise to a unique type of criminal law policy, whose main task was to ensure theexistence of power, and, to be more precise, first rebel groups power by means of anelementary armed coup, and later by a class of Soviet nomenklatura formed on its basis.

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After the First World War, the international community gradually began to change their attitude to the question of the ‘legality’ of military conflicts. The article is devoted to the fact that the annexation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea by the Russian Federation and the ongoing anti-terrorist operation in the Eastern regions of Ukraine testify to the transformation of Ukraine into an object of geopolitical confrontation, the edge of the planned activities of other international actors aimed at achieving its ambitious objectives. The purpose of the research is the study of criminal manifestations in the territory, annexed by the Russian Federation the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (hereinafter-ARC) and in the zone of armed conflict in the East of Ukraine, for the further development of effective mechanisms to counter the phenomena of political crime. the stabilization of the situation in the country. The methodological framework of this study consists of a set of modern scientific methods, the use of which is objectively determined by the relevance and purpose of the objectives of the study. The authors of the study recommend to strengthen the international response to the occupation and annexation by the Russian Federation in Crimea and waging an armed conflict in the East of Ukraine.

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that one of the main directions of Ukraine's domestic policy is ensuring the rights and freedoms of citizens through national and international mechanisms for their protection. In this context, the article aims to analyze the activities of the European Court of Human Rights as an effective international mechanism for the protection of human rights and freedoms and its impact on the criminal law of Ukraine as an integral part of crime prevention policy. Leading approach to the study of this problem is the method of generalization of legal theory and practice that has afforded revealing impact of the activities of the European Court of Human Rights on the criminal law of Ukraine. The materials of the paper imply the practical significance for the university teachers of the legal specializations.