While the unique metabolic activities of malignant tissues as potential targets for cancer therapeutics has been the subject of several recent reviews, the role of cholesterol metabolism in this context is yet to be fully explored. Cholesterol is an essential component of mammalian cell membranes as well as a precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones. The hypothesis that cancer cells need excess cholesterol and intermediates of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway to maintain a high level of proliferation is well accepted, however the mechanisms by which malignant cells and tissues reprogram cholesterol synthesis, uptake and efflux are yet to be fully elucidated as potential therapeutic targets. High and low density plasma lipoproteins are the likely major suppliers of cholesterol to cancer cells and tumors, potentially via receptor mediated mechanisms. This review is primarily focused on the role(s) of lipoproteins in carcinogenesis, and their future roles as drug delivery vehicles for targeted cancer chemotherapy.
a b s t r a c tAnecdotal and preliminary evidence suggests that Soldiers returning from a combat deployment engage in an increased number of health risk behaviors. Three potential factors driving this change were examined in this study; posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), concussion and traumatic brain injury (TBI), and perceived invincibility. We studied members of a combat arms brigade one month prior to a deployment to Iraq and approximately one month after their return (N ¼ 319). Participants anonymously completed surveys characterizing attitudes about risk, risk propensity, invincibility, engagement in health risk behaviors, and personality. Using standardized screening instruments, participants were categorized with respect to PTSD and probable TBI. Results suggest that Soldiers engage in more alcohol use and reckless driving behaviors post-deployment. These changes were exaggerated in those who screened positive for PTSD. Perception of one's invincibility and survival skills increased postdeployment thus suggesting that participants felt less susceptible to adverse consequences and more adept at surviving dangerous situations. This study provides documentation of the pattern of health behavior in Soldiers engaged in the deployment cycle. Our findings suggest increases in the number of risks Soldiers' engage in post-deployment are not limited to those with PTSD symptomtotology. This study has implications for not only adjustment to life post-deployment at the individual level but also operational readiness.Published by Elsevier Ltd.
A participação popular constitui uma força social capaz de elencar prioridades e influir nos serviços públicos de saúde, impulsionando a formulação de políticas para a promoção da saúde como um direito, de forma equânime, democrática e participativa. A organização da representação popular em conselhos de saúde vem avançando desde sua garantia na Lei 8.142/90, fazendo deste um espaço para fiscalização de ações e dinamização do controle social. Nesse contexto, o projeto de extensão "Práticas Integrais da Nutrição na Atenção Básica em Saúde - PINAB", do Departamento de Nutrição/UFPB, vem atuando no processo de fortalecimento da participação popular na saúde a partir da construção de um conselho local de saúde (CLS), em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família (USF), em João Pessoa/PB. Este trabalho pretende sistematizar essa experiência, por meio da inserção dos extensionistas no processo e sua participação ativa nas ações desenvolvidas. Utilizando como metodologia a educação popular, o grupo operativo Mobilização Popular atuou por meio de: Visitas domiciliares, no intuito de reconhecer os movimentos sociais locais, para compreender a sua história de luta; e Atividades educativas, que visam contribuir para a participação comunitária no CLS e aprimorar os conhecimentos dos sujeitos envolvidos, favorecendo assim, o diálogo e o compartilhamento de saberes entre os mesmos. Ante o exposto, o PINAB pôde gerar movimentos e interlocuções para colaborar com o fortalecimento da gestão participativa na USF ao apoiar os espaços de formação e informação sobre o CLS, cooperando com o aprimoramento do senso crítico e estimulando a construção de um conselho verdadeiramente democrático.
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