Background. Many studies have reported that cannabis use increases the risk of a first episode of psychosis (FEP). However, only a few studies have investigated the nature of cannabis-related experiences in FEP patients, and none has examined whether these experiences are similar in FEP and general populations. The aim of this study was to explore differences in self-reported cannabis experiences between FEP and non-psychotic populations.Method. A total of 252 subjects, who met International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 criteria for FEP, and 217 controls who reported cannabis use were selected from the Genetics and Psychosis (GAP) study. The Medical Research Council Social Schedule and the Cannabis Experience Questionnaire were used to collect sociodemographic data and cannabis use information, respectively.Results. Both 'bad' and 'enjoyable' experiences were more commonly reported by FEP subjects than controls. Principal components factor analysis identified four components which explained 62.3% of the variance. Linear regression analysis on the whole sample showed that the type of cannabis used and beliefs about the effect of cannabis on health all contributed to determining the intensity and frequency of experiences. Linear regression analysis on FEP subjects showed that the duration of cannabis use and amount of money spent on cannabis were strongly related to the intensity and frequency of enjoyable experiences in this population.Conclusions. These results suggest a higher sensitivity to cannabis effects among people who have suffered their first psychotic episode; this hypersensitivity results in them reporting both more 'bad' and 'enjoyable' experiences. The greater enjoyment experienced may provide an explanation of why FEP patients are more likely to use cannabis and to continue to use it despite experiencing an exacerbation of their psychotic symptoms.

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Given the widespread use of psychotropic drugs in the population, it's important to consider hyponatremia as an avoidable and reversible adverse effect and include the detection of high-risk subjects to establish safer medications, as well as early detection measures in routine clinical practice. Although hyponatremia has been especially associated with serotonergic antidepressants (SSRIs), there is also an elevated risk with tricyclics, duals and heterocyclic antidepressants, due to the different mechanisms of action at the renal tubular level and the release of ADH. Hyponatremia secondary to tricyclics with slow CYP2D6 metabolizers have higher plasma concentrations of antidepressants metabolized by CYP2D6. Hyponatremia secondary to SSRIs appears in the first week of treatment, it is "not dose-dependent" and normalization of natremia occurs between 2 and 20 days after stopping the medication. Bupropion, trazodone, mianserin, reboxetine and agomelatine are a safe alternative. Also antiepileptics have been related to hyponatremia. Both typical and atypical antipsychotics have been exposed to an increased risk of hyponatremia, even after adjusted factors such as age, sex and comorbidity. Other factors that favor the onset of hyponatremia act synergistically with psychotropic drugs, such as: advanced age, female sex, concomitant diuretic intake, low body weight and low sodium levels; NSAID, ACEIs, and warm.

Justificación: Analizar la posible relación entre demencia en el anciano y el posterior desarrollo de ideas, intentos y/o suicidios consumados.Métodos: Revisión sistemática y meta-análisis. Criterios de selección: estudios que analizaran la relación entre demencia y suicidio. Estrategia de búsqueda: i) en PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, IME y Lilacs hasta diciembre de 2018; ii) búsqueda manual de la bibliografía de artículos seleccionados; iii) contacto con principales autores. Revisión independiente por pares para la selección de artículos y extracción de datos según protocolo de registro, incluyendo la evaluación del riesgo de sesgos.Cálculo del índice del tamaño del efecto mediante Razón de Ventajas (RV) y su intervalo de confianza del 95% (modelo de efectos aleatorios). La heterogeneidad se evaluó con forest plots, Q de Cochran e índice I 2 . Valoración del sesgo de publicación mediante funnel plots (método "trim-and-fill") y el test de Egger. El análisis de variables moderadoras se realizó mediante un modelo de meta-regresión múltiple de efectos mixtos.Resultados: Se identificaron 37 estudios y 47 unidades básicas de estudio.Tamaño del efecto de la asociación de demencia con: Ideación Suicida RV=1.37 (IC 95%: 0.78-2.39); Intento de suicidio: RV=2.24 (IC 95%: 1.01-4.97); y Suicidio Consumado: RV=1.28 (IC 95%: 0.77-2.14). Se descartó un posible sesgo de publicación.Conclusiones: Se identifica una tendencia hacia la aparición de eventos suicidas, especialmente Intento de suicidio en personas con demencia. Sería recomendable una mayor atención y cuidado tras un diagnóstico reciente de demencia, especialmente con adecuada valoración de comorbilidades, que pudieran influir en aparición y desenlace de eventos suicidas.

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