The Carpathian region of Ukraine is characterised by high potential of renewable energy, in particular relating to small hydropower and geothermal energy in Ukraine. The technically feasible capacity of renewable energy of the region is 10.4% of the total capacity of Ukraine. According to the Ukraine -European Union Association Agreement, Ukraine is obliged to develop renewable energy and stimulate its growth through legislative, financial and institutional mechanisms. Therefore, it is important to use the capacity of the renewable energy sources in all regions of Ukraine. The purpose of the research is to reveal the possibilities of renewable energy development on the basis of determination of the level, prospects and tools to enhance the use of renewable energy sources in the Carpathian region of Ukraine. Results. It has been established that the Carpathian region is characterised by different levels of exploitation of renewable energy by areas and sources. In general, the share of renewable energy used in the region is low, with the exception of wood biomass, which is somewhat higher. The perspectives for increasing of the industrial energy production in the region should be based on the use of wind, solar, geothermal energy, mainly using existing oil and gas wells available in the region, and small hydropower in compliance with environmental requirements. It has been determined that the renewable energy in the Carpathian region of Ukraine grows mostly at the expense of private investments and requires incentives for its development at both the national and regional levels. Efficient use of the renewable energy in the region is impossible without a strategic approach. The structure, the objectives and the tasks of the regional renewable energy development strategies (RSDFE) are outlined in the article. Public-private partnership mechanisms, such as the energy cluster, green public procurement, auctions of projects for the construction of renewable energy objects, etc., are suggested. Conclusions. The conducted research has shown that the significant amount of unused renewable energy in the Carpathian region of Ukraine creates preconditions for active development of renewable energy, which may also become a new driver for regional development. At the same time, capacity development requires additional organisational and economic measures to be taken by the regional authorities aimed at planning and supporting renewable energy by establishing cooperation with the business environment, facilitating the implementation of renewable energy investment projects.Кравців В. С. доктор економічних наук, професор, директор, ДУ «Інститут регіональних досліджень імені М. І. Долішнього НАН України», Львів, Україна Жук П. В. кандидат економічних наук, провідний науковий співробітник, відділ регіональної екологічної політики та природокористування, ДУ «Інститут регіональних досліджень імені М. І. Долішнього НАН України», Львів, Україна Башинська Ю. І. кандидат економічних наук, молодший науковий співробітник, відділ регіонально...

Национальный университет гражданской защиты УкраиныМайя Анатольевна Голованова, доцент каф., к.т.н., доцент Национальный аэрокосмический университет им. Н.Е. Жуковского «Харьковский авиационный институт» АНАЛИЗ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ МЕХАНИЗМОВ И ИНСТРУМЕНТОВ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ПРИРОДООХРАННОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC MECHANISMS AND INSTRUMENTS OF REGULATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIVITY Проведен анализ современного состояния экологического налогообложения в странах Евросоюза, его особенности и отличия в сравнении с национальным экологическим налогообложением. Предложены подходы к совершенствованию состава эколого-экономических инструментов, которые будут способствовать повышению уровня экологической безопасности. Ключевые слова: экономические механизмы, эколого-экономические инструменты, экологический налог, природоохранная деятельность. The analysis of the current state of ecological taxation in the EU countries, its features and differences in comparison with the national environmental taxation is carried out. Approaches to improving the composition of environmental and economic instruments that will contribute to improving the level of environmental safety are suggested.

The article addresses the widespread presence of the tourism and recreation industry as one of the priority objectives of the Ukrainian regions’ development strategies at the lack of tools to assess its competitiveness. It dwells on the issues of methodology and techniques to assess the competitiveness of the tourism and recreation industry in a region. The features of the concept of competitiveness with regard to the tourism and recreation industry and its regional systems are examined. The reasonability of integrating the concepts of sectoral and regional competitiveness at its assessment at the regional level is emphasized, and the suggested interpretations of these concepts are analyzed. The article analyzes the studies related to the assessment of the competitiveness of the tourism and recreation industries of the countries and regions worldwide, namely, the methodological grounds and techniques for calculating the Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI). The position of Ukraine in the rankings of the 2019 Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index issued by the World Economic Forum and the values of some estimation parameters are determined. Low ranking positions of Ukraine by the assessment of natural resources, environmental, civil, and social security, and business environment are emphasized. These factors are of utmost importance for the development of the tourism and recreation industry in the country and, in fact, are the decisive ones for international competitiveness of the country and its regions. The differences in the assessment of the competitiveness of the tourism and recreation industries of the regions on the global and national scales are outlined. The author makes conclusions regarding the possibility to use the TTCI methodology to assess the competitiveness of the tourism and recreation industries in the regions of Ukraine, albeit with the need to adjust the indicators of assessment parameters based on the use of expert evaluations and taking into account the peculiarities of the domestic statistics system and the pursuit of the minimization of the assessment subjectivity.

The article emphasizes one of the leading places of travel and recreation industry among the strategic development goals for the oblasts of the Carpathian region of Ukraine. It provides data concerning the established network of the collective and individual accommodation facilities of tourism and recreation profile in the region. The impact of the large-scale Russian aggression in Ukraine on the tourism and recreation industry of the region is analyzed, and the nature and dynamics of qualitative changes in the use of the collective and individual accommodation facilities and financial-economic results of the activity of the tourism and recreation facilities in the region are defined based on the survey of the tourism and recreation activity entities in Zakarpatska, Ivano-Frankivska, Lvivska, and Chernivetska oblasts. The change in their functioning regime in martial law is characterized. The article indicates the landslide drop in traditional tourism and recreation activity of the population since the beginning of the large-scale hostilities, which was compensated with the accommodation of tens of thousands of forcibly displaced persons in the tourism and recreation facilities of the region in the first months. But their number was continuously decreasing in summer 2022. The author specifies a consistent trend towards the deterioration of financial results of the activity of accommodation facilities and threats and socio-economic consequences of the shutdown of the tourism and recreation industry strategically important for the region. The extensive use of the tools for public support of the tourism and recreation industry entities is offered. The opportunities and scales of their recovery in the post-war period are predicted.

Topicality. The need to reform subregional (district) level of administrative and territorial division of Ukraine is urgent as the result of forming of consolidated territorial communities and the change of liabilities division between the basic and district levels. Transition of the majority of liabilities from local governments to consolidated territorial communities has changed the nature and direction of communication links between the residents and authorities at the district level and contributes to reinforcement of district level of administrative and territorial units. Due to reforming of the system of administrative and territorial structure of Ukraine, a district becomes the territory of localization and functioning of state authorities. The major list of administrative, educational, medical, cultural and other public services will be provided at the basic rather than district levels.Aim and tasks. The paper aims to substantiate and outline the suggestions regarding the methodical approaches to reforming of the system of administrative and territorial units at subregional level in the context of local governance reform and authorities’ territorial organization reform conducted in Ukraine.Research results. The author analyzes the use of the concept of “district” in the context of administrative and territorial division and suggests its definition as administrative and territorial unit that is included into the higher-level units (Autonomous Republic of Crimea, oblasts, cities with special status) and is the territorial foundation for organization of activity of state authorities and local governments at subregional levels. District should include all administrative and territorial units of basic level located within its boundaries. Major principles, criteria and requirements to apply while forming the districts are suggested. Among those criteria and requirements, we outline the following: demographic capacity of a territory – usually between 150 and 800 thous. residents; transport accessibility of administrative center of the district from the most remote settlement – up to 1.5 hours (not exceeding 50-60km); the network of districts is reorganized without the change of oblasts’ boundaries; administrative center of a district is usually located closest to geographic (transport-geographical) center of district’s territory; administrative center of a district is usually the settlement with the highest economic and demographic capacity and developed infrastructure, which performed, performs or can perform the functions of subregional administrative center.An algorithm of modeling of new administrative districts is presented as the consequence of steps: 1) finding subregional centers – perspective centers of administrative districts (usually out of oblast significance cities); 2) zone of gravitation to oblast center with the radius up to 60km is considered as the territory of administrative district; 3) outside its boundaries the other districts are allocated according to gravitation zones of other perspective centers of districts; 4) there are also factors that substantially impact their functionality and efficiency of relevant authorities: natural-geographical, transport, economical, managemental, historical, demographic, infrastructural, etc.Conclusion. In author’s opinion, approaches to forming of administrative districts contribute to optimization of their network taking into account the changes in the functions of a district in the system of public authority division. Testing of these methodological approaches in the process of modeling of the new network of administrative regions shows an opportunity and reasonability of their reduction in Lvivska oblast from 20 to 7, in Ivano-Frankivska oblast from 14 to 4, in Ternopilska oblast from 15 to 4.