Dans le domaine de la culture, l’impact du patrimoine numérique sur la société est stratégique et constitue la qualité intrinsèque des ressources elles-mêmes. La tendance actuelle incite les institutions GLAM (acronyme anglais pour « Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museums », en français « Galeries, Bibliothèques, Archives et Musées ») à dépasser la conception du patrimoine comme « Beau » valable en soi, accessible seulement à quelques spécialistes, et au contraire à favoriser des collisions proactives avec les besoins des communautés, leurs perceptions, leurs choix. Ainsi, étant donné que les éléments cruciaux pour un projet de patrimoine digital semblent être les contenus auxquels il donne accès, les fonctionnalités disponibles, et les usagers, il devient essentiel de tenir compte des besoins et attentes de ces derniers, qu’ils soient explicites ou non, pour assurer un service convenable.Cette contribution présente brièvement les principaux problèmes et les possibilités offertes par une structuration des études d’utilisateurs de produits culturels numériques, en se concentrant sur le système, les contenus et les utilisateurs, qui constituent les trois pôles de cette structure interactive.
The alignment of user needs with the technical capabilities of modern digital libraries is an area attracting the interest of researchers and practitioners. Europeana, conceived with the intention of offering a single access point to European cultural heritage, has been developed in recent years with a continuous effort to identify and respond to the needs of a range of users. This paper presents a study of two user communitiesyoung people and the general public. The study, conducted between October 2009 and January 2010, comprised a series of focus groups and media labs in Bulgaria, Italy, the Netherlands and the UK. A distinctive aspect of this study is that it combines questionnaire-based and verbal feedback gathered from users with evidence of user actions whilst undertaking a well-defined task. The paper presents the context and the methodology of the study, and some of the data gathered within the study which helps to understand better the attitude of digital natives towards specialised digital libraries. The data analysis supports several conclusions: specialised digital libraries require strong advocacy to target the "digital natives" 1 generation which tends to prefer general purpose search engines to specialised resources; young users are confident that they know how to use advanced search yet there is little evidence of their applying these skills in contrast to general public users; the perception of digital libraries differs in groups from different countries. The study contributes to the better understanding of some behavioural characteristics of users of digital libraries.
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