The interaction as well as the formation of bioconjugate of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) is investigated. The surface binding along with reorganization of BSA on the surface of ZnO NPs forms stable “hard corona.” The time constants for surface binding and reorganization are found to be 1.10 min and 70.68 min, respectively. The close proximity binding of BSA with ZnO NPs via tryptophan is responsible for bioconjugate formation. Fibrillar aggregated structure of BSA is observed due to conformational change of BSA in interaction with ZnO NPs.

A simple wet chemical method has been successfully deployed to fabricate hexagonal zinc oxide nanorods. The structural characteristics were investigated through X-ray diffraction. The crystal unit cell of the nanorods was found to be hexagonal. The morphology of the nanostructures was studied using field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The nanorods are hexagonal in shape. The Zn-O bond formation was confirmed through Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopic analysis. Raman shift measurements revealed various vibrational modes present in the ZnO crystal. The photoluminescence spectrum shows shallow deep level visible emission due to various defect states. Thus, our investigation will be very helpful in the development of ZnO based light emitting/optoelectronic device applications.

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Ultralong zinc oxide nanotubes have been synthesized on glass substrate by a simple chemical bath deposition. The nanotubes are hexagonal with the core diameter about ~200 nm. The length of the nanotubes was about 10 μm. No specific alignment of the nanotubes on the glass substrate was observed. The morphology of the nanostructures depends highly on the concentration of zinc acetate solution, duration of mechanical stirring, and temperature during synthesis. Depending upon these experimental conditions nanorods and nanotubes were observed. The material was structurally characterized using grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, showing hexagonal unit cell structure. Transmission electron microscopy results revealed that the walls of the nanotubes are hexagonal. Room temperature photoluminescence spectrum shows a strong violet emission at ~420 nm from the ZnO nanotubes due to transition between zinc interstitial and zinc vacancy level. These results will be very useful in optoelectronic and nanophotonic device applications.