Red jasmine rice is recognized as a healthy food with high phenolic compounds. These compounds present antibacterial and anti-free radical properties. Moreover, colored rice exhibits a biological activity against anticancer. Objectives of this study are 1) exploring a biological screening and cell viability of 70% ethanol and aqueous extracts of red jasmine rice, 2) investigating cytotoxicity to fibroblast NIH3T3 (IC80) that is one hundred cells were found cell viability 80 cells. Red jasmine rice extracts were dried and transformed into a powder using the freeze-drying method. The extracts were treated with fibroblast NIH3T3 for MTT. The highest of IC50 of red jasmine rice extract to scavenge the DPPH and ABTS radicals was found in ethanol extract (53.20±7.37 and 64.17±5.76, respectively). The experiment showed that the ethanol and aqueous extract of red rice did not show cytotoxicity to fibroblast NIH3T3 (IC80). The extracts of red rice show the biological screening of anti-oxidation with total phenolic compounds and flavonoid contents. Moreover, it does not modify the physical properties of the cream formula. It can be concluded that the red rice extract is highly promising for the value addition.

No abstract

This research taims to determine the performance of social studies teachers in Indonesia and Lampang. The researchers conducted observations on social studies teacher respondents whom each school was represented by a social studies teacher in their respective schools in carrying out the social studies learning process. The observation uses an observation sheet that includes the opening stage, the core stage, and the closing stage. Each stage consists of preparing physically and mentally students, motivating students, delivering perceptions, delivering learning objectives, delivering material coverage. Furthermore, this activity includes activities retention of material, learning model/approach/strategy, and evaluation activities. In an average performance of teachers in teaching and learning social in junior high schools in Palembang-Indonesia and Lampang-Thailand are "good," in the open stage, most of them have prepared students physically and mentally motivate students to deliver apperception delivering learning objectives offering material coverage, and mentally motivate students to deliver apperception delivering learning objectives offering material coverage

The objectives of this research are: 1) To compare the factors of land tenure, ecological aspects, economic conditions, perception of information and wisdom affecting the selection in highland rotation cropping and mono cropping. 2) To analyze and identify differences in land management between highland rotation cropping and mono cropping. And 3) to analyze and assess the link between the intensive highland rotation cropping and mono cropping with soil management and degradation. There were quantitative and qualitative data collections from farmer groups of both systems by using the tools as questionnaires and in-depth interviews with participant observation including exploring the research area plot. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistical method in the form of frequency distribution, percentage and comparison table. The results showed the land tenure of the two highland cropping systems was not different. There were no documents and rights over the lands. Rotation cropping system focused on intensive commercial agricultural production, whereas mono cropping system focused on subsistence. Both systems used traditional wisdom. The characteristics of rotation cropping were separated rotation cropping with legumes and no legumes, so crops could be grown throughout the year and continuously. Therefore, the soil management was intensive and the soil was not time for resting. The characteristics of mono cropping system involved growing only one type of crop every other year and year after year. There was a one-year soil resting and the mono crops were replanted annually, so there was not the soil resting. There are differences in the use of chemical fertilizers and concentrated chemicals, as well as soil fertility. It could be concluded that both of cropping systems were not different and had moderate fertility The soil erosion in rotation cropping system was very low to moderate level, thus soil condition was sustainable. The soil erosion in mono cropping system was low to very severe level, thus soil condition was not sustainable.The policy and action recommendations, the government should support in terms of alternative agricultural policies and budgets for developing highland areas seriously and comprehensively in accordance with the sufficiency economy.

The objectives of this research were 1) to study the utilization of the Huai Sai Khao Community Forest, Ban Tha Pa Pao, Tha Pla Duk Sub-district, Mae Tha District, and Lamphun Province with community participation. 2) To study the mode of participative management of community forests according to the geosocial principles of Ban Tha Pa Pao, Tha Pla Duk Sub-district, Mae Tha District, and Lamphun Province. The objectives were performed using questionnaires from a sample group of 66 household representatives and qualitative research using in-depth interviews and group discussions from village forums. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, and mean. The results showed that the social structure of Ban Tha Pa Pao was self-sufficient agriculture. Most people in the community had modest incomes and were primarily men. Overall, it was an empowered community with indigenous knowledge from the local sage, who was a leader and had visions for solving problems and developing communities properly. In addition, the cooperation of people in the community is of great importance to the community forest area. Villagers utilized community forests by collecting non-timber forest products and hunting at all times, and they mainly utilized the forests during the dry season. In terms of community forest management, it was found that villagers participated in community forest management as a whole at a good level. Villagers participating in decision-making showed that they were aware of taking part in proposing alternatives and discussing guidelines to solve problems and set rules or regulations in the management of community forests. Research results suggest that the community forest management model should be adapted to suit modern times and be distinctive to create value for the community and be a source of learning for the community. It should increase the conservation of wildlife that is scarce and provide knowledge about wildlife conservation and the balance of the ecosystem, as well as continuously develop a source of learning and good publicity.