This study was designed to determine chronic effect of high sucrose low magnesium (HSLM) diet in weanling rats on plasma thyroid profile, catecholamines and activities of key hepatic glycolytic, and gluconeogenic enzymes. Compared to control diet fed group, significantly elevated levels of plasma triiodothyronine, tetraiodothyronine, catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine) and activity of hepatic glycolytic (hexokinase and glucokinase), and gluconeogenic (glucose-6-phosphatase) enzymes were observed in high sucrose and low magnesium fed groups. However, HSLM diet had an additive effect on all these three parameters. The study thus, assumes significance as it shows that hormonal imbalance and disorders in carbohydrate metabolism at an early stage of development can be due to dietary modification or due to deficiency of key element magnesium.

In the present investigation, effect of pure green tea catechin, (+)-catechin hydrate was studied on plasma uric acid, plasma nitrite, cardiac lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and cardiac antioxidant enzymes in high sucrose high fat diet fed rats for a period of 12 weeks. Our results indicate that feeding high sucrose high fat diet resulted in the development of oxidative stress in rats and (+)-catchin hydrate has antioxidant effect. High sucrose high fat diet decreased plasma uric acid and increased plasma nitrite levels. Further lipid peroxidation increased and reduced glutathione levels decreased in heart of high sucrose high fat diet fed rats. Activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GST, GR and GPx) was significantly reduced in high sucrose high fat fed rats. Catechin supplementation improved plasma uric acid and nitrite levels and reduced lipid peroxidation. Further there was normalization in reduced Glutathione levels and activities of cardiac antioxidant enzymes upon administration of (+)-catechin hydrate. It can be concluded that high sucrose high fat diet produces oxidative stress in rats and administration of catechin is helpful to combat oxidative stress.

This study was planned to investigate the effect of pure catechin, a green tea flavonoid on the levels of fasting plasma glucose, plasma insulin, plasma and tissue lipids in high fat high sucrose diet fed rats for a period of 12 weeks. The results indicate that feeding the rats with high fat and high sucrose diet resulted into the development of an obese type 2 diabetic rat model and (+)-catechin hydrate to some extent prevented the weight gain, rise in blood glucose, cholesterol and Triglyceride levels. Insulin levels were also high in high fat high sucrose fed rats as compared to rats fed high fat, high sucrose and administered (+)-catechin hydrate. Catechin also prevented the weight gain in control group thereby limiting its role only in obesity. Catechin supplementation in rats fed high fat and high sucrose diet was also found to prevent increase in cholesterol, triglycerides and glycolipid levels in liver and cholesterol and glycolipid levels in heart. In conclusion high fat and high sucrose diet is useful in the development of an obese type 2 diabetic rat model and catechin to some extent is beneficial.

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