Risk and uncertainty management is an important task in industry. Risks in raw materials such as livestock products may occur from the feed. The production process is also exposed to risks, which may be caused by controllable variables. In final products, uncontrollable actions may also pose risks. This research aimed to figure out the risks and their causes in the production process of milk and to discover applicable mitigation strategies. The methods used in this study were the Multi-Attribute Failure Mode Analysis (MAFMA) method to find the causes and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to discover mitigation strategies. The results were in the form of risks in the production process caused by: 1) raw materials, 2) the production process, 3) human resources, and 4) machinery and equipment. The highest risk in the production process is posed by undetected damage to machinery and contamination during the production process. However, both are rooted in human error: poorly trained workers, omission of checking or testing, and poor supervision of the process. Mitigation strategies, i.e. standardization and supervision of the raw materials, production process, and final product, were implemented to reduce the potential risks. In the implementation of these strategies, worker participation, either as controller or as supervisor, is very important.

The use of strategic planning can be an alternative solution to improve industrial performance. In small and medium scale industries especially in apple chips industries, strategic planning helps to know the current industry situation and the steps that must be taken to overcome the existing problems. This study aimed to develop an improvement strategies using Fuzzy Sequential Modeling (FSM) model. FSM model was consisted a SWOT analysis, Root Cause Analysis (RCA), Bolden's Taxonomy and fuzzy AHP. Based on SWOT analysis, the external factors of threats was the similar business competition and low purchasing power. RCA described the issues that needed to be fixed using Bolden's Taxonomy as the reference for determining the action plans and produce four OIA (Open Improvement Area) there are old technology machines and equipment, difficulty of enterprise development, ineffective marketing media and low market share. The strategic planning was determined using Fuzzy AHP based on OIA and ABC enterprise needs to improve the low market share and ineffective marketing strategy.

Management criteria can be used as the deciding device of the performance of dairy cows feed production system successfulness by prioritizing those criteria, and it can be used as an improvement step. The aim of this study was to determine the priority of management criteria and established the improvement step to increase the performances of the dairy cows feed production system in Batu, East Java by prioritizing four management criteria (Planning, Organizing, Directing, and Controlling). The method used the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy-AHP) which is a combination of two methods, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and fuzzy logic. Fuzzy AHP is proposing an evaluation tool which inherits advantages from that two methods. Fuzzy AHP will translate decisions makers comparison judgment into the fuzzy number. There were three highest priorities for management criteria, namely goal planning for the long-term from planning criteria, divisions of work from organizing criteria, and activator from controlling criteria. It was concluded that those three highest management criteria could be established as an improvement step for the performances of dairy cows feed production system.