<span>It has recently been investigated that ball milling can improve the magnetic properties of natural <span>iron sand significantly. In this work, we present the phase composition and magnetic behavior of <span>iron sand from Syiah Kuala Beach, Banda Aceh. Samples were prepared by mechanical alloying <span>method using a Fritsch planetary ball mill for 20 hours. As the results, it was shown by XRD test<br /><span>that Fe<span>3<span>O<span>4 <span>(magnetite) appears as the majority phase and the magnetic properties observation <span>shown that the magnetization saturation (Ms) and remanent (Br) was decreased with the increasing <span>of the coercivity (Hc).</span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span></span></span></span></span>

Risk and uncertainty management is an important task in industry. Risks in raw materials such as livestock products may occur from the feed. The production process is also exposed to risks, which may be caused by controllable variables. In final products, uncontrollable actions may also pose risks. This research aimed to figure out the risks and their causes in the production process of milk and to discover applicable mitigation strategies. The methods used in this study were the Multi-Attribute Failure Mode Analysis (MAFMA) method to find the causes and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to discover mitigation strategies. The results were in the form of risks in the production process caused by: 1) raw materials, 2) the production process, 3) human resources, and 4) machinery and equipment. The highest risk in the production process is posed by undetected damage to machinery and contamination during the production process. However, both are rooted in human error: poorly trained workers, omission of checking or testing, and poor supervision of the process. Mitigation strategies, i.e. standardization and supervision of the raw materials, production process, and final product, were implemented to reduce the potential risks. In the implementation of these strategies, worker participation, either as controller or as supervisor, is very important.

Central obesity is influenced by many factors such as changes in age, gender, economic status, life habits including lack of physical activity, low fiber consumption, consumption of simple carbohydrates, consumption of fatty foods, and smoking behavior. Smoking behavior is thought to be a significant factor in forming central obesity in adult males. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between smoking behavior and central obesity in healthy adults.  This study used an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional research design. The research was conducted in Suradadi Village, Suradadi District, Tegal Regency. Sampling was carried out by stratified sampling in November 2020 – January 2021. The sample size was 90 men aged 25-60 years. Data were collected by measuring the waist circumference of the respondents and recording other personal data such as age, occupation, and smoking status. Data processing is done descriptively and cross-tabulation. Testing the relationship between smoking behavior and obesity was carried out using the chi-square statistical test with the help of the SPSS version 22 application. The majority of respondents in this study had a smoking status of 68.9% and did not have central obesity 64.4%. The results of the test of the relationship between smoking status and central obesity got a p-value of 0.813. There is no significant relationship between smoking status and central obesity.

Kabupaten Lamongan merupakan salah satu wilayah di Jawa Timur yang memiliki potensi di sektor pertanian. Banyaknya jagung di kecamatan Lamongan menjadi peluang untuk diolah menjadi emping jagung yang berpotensi menjadi produk unggul daerah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini menentukan strategi terbaik untuk tiap klaster yang terbentuk. Metode yang digunakan yakni K-means Cluster dan Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy (FAHP). Pada model pengembangan klaster agroindustri diperoleh 2 klaster berdasarkan berdasarkan kinerja dan kualitas produk UKM emping jagung di Kabupaten Lamongan. Pada klaster 1 merupakan usaha skala kecil yang terdiri 3 UKM emping jagung, faktor yang gunakan adalah kualitas UKM (0,57) dengan kriteria performance product (0,32) sehingga alternatif yang dapat digunakan adalah meningkatkan kualitas tenaga kerja, menentukan dan menerapkan standarisasi produksi dan menerapkan teknologi tepat guna (0,26). Klaster 2 merupakan usaha skala mikro yang terdiri dari 5 UKM, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa klaster 2 faktor yang berpengaruh adalah kinerja UKM (0,51) dengan kriteria permasalahan yang mempengaruhi strategi pengembangan klaster adalah tenaga kerja (0,30) sehingga alternatif yang dapat digunakan adalah meningkatkan kualitas tenaga kerja (0,35). Kata kunci: Kinerja dan Kualitas; Klaster; Strategi.

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh perubahan sikap positif yang sangat baik pada peserta didik yang mengikuti kegiatan pramuka di SMK Negeri 6 Padang Sumatera Barat. Perubahan sikap positif tersebut diduga disebabkan karena ekstrakurikuler pramuka berlangsung dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: menggambarkan ekstrakurikuler pramuka, menggambarkan sikap positif peserta didik, dan melihat hubungan antara ekstrakurikuler dengan sikap positif dalam mengikuti Kegiatan Pramuka di SMK Negeri 6 Padang Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif korelasional dengan populasi seluruh peserta didik yang terdaftar mengikuti kegiatan ekstrakurikuler pramuka kemudian sampel diambil dengan teknik Random Sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa angket atau kuesioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan rumus persentase dan korelasi product moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: ekstrakurikuler pramuka di SMK Negeri 6 Padang Sumatera Barat dikategorikan sangat baik, sikap positif dalam kegiatan pramuka di SMK Negeri 6 Padang Sumatera Barat dikategorikan sangat baik, dan terdapat hubungan yang siginifikan antara ekstrakurikuler dengan sikap positif dalam mengikuti Kegiatan Pramuka di SMK Negeri 6 Padang Sumatera Barat. Disarankan kepada pembina untuk menciptakan kegiatan pramuka yang menarik dan menyenangkan sehingga perubahan sikap peserta didik menjadi lebih meningkat.