Terrorism has always meant a challenge to Criminal law in terms of determining which legal-criminal instruments are the most adequate to face it. After analyzing the different positions of the doctrine, this work proposes certain flexibilization of the guarantee framework. Likewise, terrorism has caused discussion regarding torture. The issue to be discussed is whether to justify it or not under certain circumstances.
The Chilean senate is discussing a proposal to decriminalize abortion in 3 causals. One of these is when the pregnancy occurs as a result of a rape. To be legally able to perform the abortion in this circumstance, a health care team must confirm the occurrence of the facts constituting the offence. Regardless of the patients will, the accusation will be reported to the justice. In our view, in its current status the proposed rule does not consider certain medicolegal and procedural topics. Those flaws may determine in certain scenarios critical problems, such as: a) a wrongful conviction as a consequence of a false allegation of rape; (b) some pregnant due to a rape will not have access to the abortion procedure; (c) some accusations of rape will not be accredited nor criminally sanctioned. Employing a fictional case, we illustrate how those scenarios can actually be seen in practice. We also emphasize the difficulties and limitations that the health care team will encounter if the project is approved under the current conditions. Finally, we encourage the professional societies implicated in the theme to contribute in the legislatorial debate. Therefore, we give a set of proposals aimed to improve the bill before it may be enacted as a law.
Alcohol zero tolerance law in Chile: strengths, fl aws and shortcomings that should not be overlooked . Es así como con CSE de 0,5 g‰ el riesgo de un AT mortal se duplica, desde 0,8 g‰ es diez veces más alto; 20 veces mayor a partir de 1,0 g‰ y 100 veces más a partir de 1,5 g‰ 4 . Estadísticas tanto nacionales 8 como internacionales 9 indican que los AT asociados al alcohol ocurren fundamentalmente de noche y durante los fi nes de semana, siendo causados principalmente por varones, la mayoría de ellos jóvenes. Varios estudios 1,10-12 dan cuenta además que dichos conductores exhiben una serie de conductas viales que les son típicas (Tabla 1), en virtud de las cuales lo más frecuente es que generen AT producto de conducción a exceso de velocidad o por no mantener correctamente la pista de circulación 9 . En muchos países las tasas de AT asociados al alcohol han sido reducidas disminuyendo el límite legal aceptable 2 . Es así como desde inicios de la década de 1990-99 países como Suecia, Noruega, España, Suiza o Japón han reducido la CSE que determina una sanción judicial a valores inferiores a 0,5 g‰ [13][14] . Recién este año Chile ha adherido a esa tendencia a partir de la reciente entrada en vigencia de la Ley N° 20.580 que aumenta las sanciones por manejo en estado de ebriedad, bajo la infl uencia de sustancias estupefacientes o psicotrópicas y bajo la infl uencia del alcohol. Dicho cuerpo legal disminuye de 0,5 g‰ a 0,3 g‰ la concentración con la cual una persona será considerada "bajo la infl uencia del alcohol" y de 1,0 g‰ a 0,8 g‰ la concentración a partir de la cual se le considerará "en estado de ebriedad" 15 . El objetivo de la presente revisión es dar cuenta
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