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In the present study, an Actinomycetes strain KSA-2 was isolated from freshwater sediment samples of Kali River, Karwar, Karnataka, India. The strain KSA-2 was selected among seven isolates based on primary screening of antimicrobial activity against pathogenic organisms. The morphological physiological and biochemical characterizations were performed, the bioactive secondary metabolites were produced in liquid broth culture and was characterized by UV-Vis. spectroscopy and FTIR spectroscopy. Later, the potent KSA-2 strain was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing (1366 bp) and a phylogenetic tree was constructed and the strain KSA-2 was confirmed as Streptomyces thermocarboxydus strain KSA-2. Further, the characterization of methanolic extract by UV-Vis. and FTIR spectroscopy analysis revealed the presence of broad spectrum of antimicrobial and other compounds and alkyl halides, alkenes, sulfoxide, carboxylic acids, alkanes respectively.

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The search for novel antibiotics is of immense importance in research areas around the world for agricultural, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications. The Streptomyces species are widely used as an important biological tool for the production of a wide range of novel secondary metabolites. In the present study, isolated strain RSA-14 from rhizosphere soil of Alternanthera sessilis was subjected to morphological, physiological, biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The isolated RSA-14 was analyzed for antimicrobial activities by cross streak method and exhibited a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against test pathogens. The isolate was tested for the ability to grow in the presence of antibiotics, such as penicillin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, gentamycin, and tetracycline and resistant to only two antibiotics, and sensitive to others. The 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and analysis of the phylogenetic tree showed 100% sequence similarity with Streptomyces cinereoruber strain P.B.373.