Наведено результати досліджень взаємовпливу основних характеристик кіркових процесів із вмістом кортизолу в сироватці крові свиней. Технологічний стрес супроводжувався збільшенням концентрації цього гормону в сироватці крові свиней залежно від типологічних особливостей їх нервової системи у 2,3-2,7 раза. У тварин слабкого типу вміст кортизолу після дії стресфактора протягом місяця вірогідно вище, ніж у тварин сильних типів. Стрес чинить більший вплив (F=1803>FU=2,2; Р<0,001) на вміст цього гормону в сироватці крові свиней, ніж тип вищої нервової діяльності (F=45,1>FU=2,7; Р<0,001). Із збільшенням сили та врівноваженості процесів збудження та гальмування у корі головного мозку знижувався вміст кортизолу у крові тварин (r =-0,58-0,76; Р<0,01-0,001). Встановлену вірогідну взаємодію типологічних особливостей нервової системи та дією технологічного стресу (F=38,8>FU=1,76; Р<0,001), що засвідчує можливі зміни сили, врівноваженості та рухливості нервових процесів за впливу стрес-фактора. Ключові слова: кортизол; вища нервова діяльність; свині; стрес.

Coordination of physiological activity and intensity of metabolism in various organs and tissues of a productive animal, depending on environmental conditions and own needs, is provided by the regulatory activity of the corresponding nerve centers. However, the features of the autonomic regulation of the nervous system in this matter can have a significant impact not only on the physiological activity of animals but also on their productivity. Therefore, the question of studying the influence of autonomic regulation on the animal body in general and the interaction of the autonomic system and lipid metabolism is quite relevant. Groups of animals were formed by determining the state of the cardiovascular system according to Baevskyi. Blood plasma was used for the study, lipid extraction was performed by the Folch method. Fatty acid analysis was performed on a Trace GC Ultra gas chromatograph (USA) with a flame ionization detector. Studies have shown that the relative content of saturated fatty acids in blood of normotonics was the highest compared with other groups: sympathotonics – by 1.9%; vagotonics – 0.48%. Regarding the concentration of saturated fatty acids in sympathotonics, it should be noted that the content of stearic acid was the highest (18.07 ± 0.01; P < 0.001) and saturated fatty acids from C6 to C16 were characterized by the lowest values (P < 0.01–0.05) in comparison with other groups The total content of unsaturated fatty acids in blood plasma of sympathotonics and vagotonics was 1.19% and 0.49% higher, respectively, compared with normotonics. Quite interesting is the fact that sympathotonics were characterized by the highest content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, the content of which decreased in the range C18:2n6 > C20:4n6 > C18:3n3 > C22:6n3 > C22:5n3, a similar sequence we observed in other groups, although the relative concentration of acids could fluctuate. Normotonics were characterized by the highest levels of some polyunsaturated fatty acids (C18:3n3, C22:5n3, C22:6n3) (P < 0.05-0.01), while levels of some unsaturated fatty acids (C18: 1n9, C20: 3n6) were the lowest. Thus, the type of nervous activity has a significant effect on the ratio of fatty acids in blood plasma of cows and autonomous regulation affects the metabolic processes in the animal’s body.

The article presents the results of studying the influence of cortical and vegetative mechanisms of regulation on the transaminase enzymes activity in blood serum of dry sows under exposure to a technological stimulus. The experiments were carried out on sows of large white breed of 3 years old. The results of research have shown that the indicators of conditioned reflex activity affect the activity of reamination enzymes in blood serum both under physiological conditions and after the exposure to a technological stimulus. According to the correlation analysis, the relationship between the strength and balance of cortical processes with serum alanine aminotransferase activity (r = 0.48–0.65; Р≤0.05–0.01), as well as the strength of cortical processes with aspartate aminotransferase activity (r = 0.51; P≤0.05). The significant influence (η2x = 0.23–0.36; Р≤0.01) of the balance of cortical processes on the activity of alanine aminotransferase in blood serum was established. Instead, the tone of the autonomic nervous system had a significant influence on the activity of reamination enzymes only after the exposure to a technological stimulus. In particular, the significant degree of influence (η2x = 0.28; P≤0.05) of sympathicotonia on the activity of alanine aminotransferase in blood serum on the 7th day after exposure to a technological stimulus was established.

The article presents the results of studies on the dynamics of urea content in blood serum of sows depending on the type of higher nervous activity and the initial tone of the autonomic nervous system under exposure to technological stimulus. Dry sows of large white breed were used for experiments. Types of higher nervous activity in pigs were determined using the method of conditioned food reflexes. According to the studying of conditioned reflex activity 4 experimental groups were formed, 5 animals in each. The 1-st group consisted of sows with strong balanced mobile, the 2-ndstrong balanced inert, the 3-rdstrong unbalanced, and the 4-thweak types of higher nervous activity. Then in experimental animals we studied the tone of the autonomic nervous system using trygeminovagal test, by the results of which we formed 3 experimental groups (normotonics, sympathicotonics, vagotonics), 5 animals in each. Before exposure to technological stimulus and in 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days after its impact, blood samples were taken for biochemical studies in all experimental animals. Regrouping and moving of pigs into another building were used as a technological stimulus. In the conditions of relative rest in sows, depending on the type of autonomous regulation of the cardiovascular system, the significant differences of urea content in blood serum were not detected. Instead, in the conditions of relative rest in the representatives with weak type of higher nervous activity, lower urea content in blood serum was established than in the representatives of strong types. Due to the exposure to technological stimulus in animals of all groups, an increase in urea level in blood serum was detected. However, the degree of changes manifestation in urea content in blood serum differed in sows, depending on the type of higher nervous activity and the initial tone of autonomic nervous activity. Despite that found differences were statistically significant, they were within the normal range. Thus, the urea content in blood serum of sows is somewhat limited by the typological features of the nervous system.

The autonomic nervous system regulates the work of internal organs and the intensity of metabolic processes in animals and birds. However, the question of the influence of autonomous balance types on the productivity of chickens is insufficiently studied. The aim of work was to study the growth intensity of broiler chickens depending on the typological features of the tone of the autonomic nervous system. Cobb-500 crossbreed meat-producing chickens were used for the study. To study the typological features of autonomic tone in the experimental bird, an individual electrocardiogram was recorded, and one hundred R-R cardio intervals were calculated, which were processed by the method of variation pulsometry according to R. M. Baevsky. This allowed to divide all chickens into three groups: sympathotonics, normotonics and vagotonics. To determine the influence of the types of autonomic nervous regulation on the increase in live weight, the birds were weighed at 35 and 60 days of age and the indicators characterizing the growth intensity were calculated. As a result of the conducted researches it was established that the live weight in chickens-vagotonics of 35 days of age is probably higher by 11.29 % (p<0.05) than in chickens-sympathotonic. At the age of 60 days, vagotonic hens probably prevailed (p<0.001) in terms of live weight over chickens-normotonics. In addition, chickensvagotonics were characterized by the highest rates of absolute, average daily and gross live weight gain compared to other types. Determining the types of autonomic nervous regulation and their relationship to live weight gain in chickens makes it possible to establish new methods for detecting birds with the highest productivity. This allows you to reduce the cost of fattening low-yielding poultry at an early stage of rearing, increase the number of high-yielding chickens, and get higher profits and meat production of broiler chickens.