Background The present study evaluated the phytochemical profiles, anti-oxidants, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-arthritic and wound healing effect of methanol and ethyl-acetate extracts of Azanza garckeana. Results Methanol extract had higher phenol, flavonoids and alkaloids concentrations, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities than ethyl-acetate extract. Ethyl-acetate and methanol extracts had IC50 of 119.40 μg/mL and 133.49 μg/mL respectively against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) radicals. The extracts were more active against Klebsiella pneumonia while the least activity was recoded against Bacillus subtilis with methanol been most potent than ethyl-acetate. The IC50 value of methanol extract in inhibition of protein denaturation were 310.44 μg/mL and 315.27 μg/mL while IC50 value of 354.74 μg/mL and 349.57 μg/mL were recorded for membrane stabilization effect in bovine serum albumin (BSA) and egg albumin (EGA) assays respectively. There was dose dependent in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities with highest percentage paw oedema inhibitions of 51.68% and analgesia of 46.36% at 600 mg/kg bw of the methanol extract. The extract caused dosed independent increase percentage wound closure with percentage wound contraction range between 65.24 ± 2.46 and 69.68 ± .2.54 compare to untreated wound (15.35 ± 0.35 to 50.35 ± 2.35%). Conclusion This study lends pharmacological support to folkloric usage of Azanza garckeana in the treatment and management of several human disease.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of public health concern since it is associated with complications, poor life quality and mortality. Synthetic drugs used in the treatment/management of diabetes are associated with one or more adverse side effects which could harm the patient even though they cure the patient of the condition. Hence, this study was undertaken to investigate the in vitro anti-diabetic properties of crude saponins extracts from Leptodenia hastata and Adansonia digitata L. leaves. The inhibition of glucose uptake by yeast cells and haemoglobin anti-glycation potential of the saponin extracts were evaluated at concentrations ranging between 4~20 mg/ml and 10~25 mg/mL respectively. Results revealed that the highest percentage inhibition of glucose uptake by the yeast cells was observed at 4 mg/ml, however, the percentage increase in glucose uptake by yeast cells for crude saponins from L. hastata (90.17±2.88 %) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than crude saponins from A. digitata (88.57±0.23 %) but significantly lower (P < 0.05) than the metronidazole percentage increase in glucose uptake by yeast cells (97.22±0.32%). In the haemoglobin anti-glycation potential testing, the crude saponins extracts, as well as the metformin, showed a concentration-dependent activity with the highest percentage of haemoglobin anti-glycation being obtained at the highest tested concentration of 25 mg/mL. No significant difference was observed in the activities of crude saponins of L. hastata (57.50±0.39 %), A. digitata (58.73±1.04 %) and standard drug metformin (59.22±2.95 %). From the results obtained, it is rational to infer that both extracts showed anti-diabetic potentials and may be used in the management/treatment of diabetes or serve as good future promising candidates for the development of antidiabetic agents.