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Nanocarriers, in various forms, have the possibility of providing endless opportunities in the area of drug delivery. The purpose of this study was formulation and evaluation of betamethasone sodium phosphate (BSP) loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) using cross-linked chitosan malic acid derivative for better therapeutic effect. The prepared BSP loaded CNPs formulations were characterised for photon correlation spectroscopy, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy, in-vitro release kinetics and in-vivo toxicity studies. Mean particle diameter of BSP loaded CNPs was about 130 nm with spherical morphology. The in-vitro drug release study of BSP loaded CNPs showed sustained drug release for 48 h and drug release was found to follow zero order. The biochemical, haematology and histopathology reports of in-vivo toxicity studies revealed that BSP loaded CNPs do not exhibit any toxic effect on vital organs and could be safe. The developed BSP loaded CNPs are found to be safer, and used for the treatments of highly prevalent and chronic disease like rheumatoid arthritis.

Marine actinomycetes sediment samples were collected from Gulf of Mannar costal region, Kayalpatinam, located at Tuticorin district, Tamilnadu, India. Marine actinomycetes were isolated and evaluated for activity of L-asparaginase production. A total of 10 marine actinomycetes strains were isolated. Among 10 isolates, six were belongs to Streptomyces sp, three were belongs to Micromonospora sp and one was to Micropolyspora sp. Based on phenotypic characteristics, actinomycetes strains were screened for L-asparaginase production. Streptomyces sp KPMS5 and Micromonospora sp KPMS10 were showed large pink coloration on L-asparaginase production medium. The strains were further studied for maximum production and characterizations of culture condition of L-asparaginase enzyme were evaluated. Effect of substrate on L-asparaginase production was evaluated by enzyme assy. Maximum enzyme assay (1.4 mM) was observed on glucose followed by starch (1.12Mm) by Micromonospora sp KPMS10. In Streptomyces sp KPMS5 showed maximum of 1.25mM of enzyme assay on glucose substrate followed by lactose 1.17mM. Yeast extract was effectively used as substrate for maximum production of L-asparaginase by submerged fermentation. Further studies on purification and characterization are required to support the application of enzyme. The finding concludes isolates belongs to non-Streptomyces sp like Micromonospora sp is a potential novel source for L-asparaginase production.

An exigent demand of antimicrobial agent against M. tuberculosis was lead to the isolation of novel rare actinomycetes from the unexplored cryophilic environment. Soil samples were collected from glacier ice point of Kullu Manali and processed for further studies. A novel approach was described for the isolation of rare actinomycetes from a heterogeneous population. Isolation was done by conventional and density gradient centrifugation. Sucrose gradient centrifugation showed a maximum of 24 actinomycetes isolates which belong to the genera of Streptomyces sp (12), Micromonospora sp (5) Planomonospora sp(2), Micropolyspora sp (2), Actinopolyspora sp (1) Nocardia sp (1) and Intrasporangium sp (1). Of these 24 actinomycetes, isolate Planomonospora sp (PL-2) showed potent anti-mycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis (MTCC300) and M.tuberculosis (MTCC 6). Bioautography reveals that the Rf value of active compound was 0.75 and retains the antimicrobial activity at 75° C. Based on the C 13 and H 1 NMR the active compound was characterized as 2-(2-ethenylphenyl) heptane-1-ol. Phylogenetic analysis reveals active isolate was closely related to Planomonospora alba and the Genbank accession is JQ280498.Key Words: Extremophiles, cryophilic, Planomonospora sp, planosporin, Mycobacterium tuberculosis.HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE Raja A and Gajalakshmi P, Selective isolation and characterization of rare actinomycetes adopted in glacier soil of Manali ice point and its activity against Mycobacterium spp, J Microbiol Biotech Res, 2017, 7 (5): 1-10,