In the past few years, there has been an increase in the ‘ethical consumer’, characterized by more reflexive values like solidarity, social responsibility, multiculturalism and ecology. This idea has found support in the appearance and development of proposals like fair trade, along with others, such as responsible consumption, the recycling business or sustainable development. In a parallel way, also during the past few years, various analysts have pointed out that the phenomenon of globalization is changing not only the aspect of the world but also our way of perceiving it, which is progressively becoming a ‘global orientation’. In the framework of these two tendencies, this paper examines the extent to which ‘global orientation’ is also a characteristic of consumers of fair trade products. The paper presents a two‐phase exploratory study. The first phase, of a quantitative nature, showed the greater global orientation of Spanish consumers of fair trade products, and it obtained a typology of them. This typology showed, however, that not all the clusters of consumers of fair trade products have a high global orientation, which reveals that the relationship between this dimension and the consumption of fair trade products is not a direct, straightforward one. The subsequent qualitative study examined the components of this global orientation in each of the three clusters where the consumption of fair trade products was the highest. The results showed that the purchase of fair trade products is influenced by the ‘global orientation’ of the consumer, although other factors, such as a sense of social responsibility and trust in international non‐governmental organizations, can condition this influence.
(2010), el running es la quinta actividad físico-deportiva más practicada por los españoles: un 5,6 % de la población mayor de quince años afirma practicarla con regularidad. Los practicantes del running, sin embargo, están lejos de poder ser considerados como un grupo homogéneo. En esta comunicación se presenta un modelo de clasificación sociocultural de los practicantes de running, obtenido a partir de los resultados de una investigación cualitativa realizada con una muestra de 76 corredores populares. La investigación parte de una adaptación del modelo cultural de Douglas (1996) y el modelo de clasificación de las actividades de ocio de Elias y Dunning (1988) según los cuales las dos dimensiones que estructuran el campo social serían las presiones grupales y estructurales. Las primeras se manifiestan de un modo directo en el carácter relacional de esta práctica deportiva (individual versus grupal), mientras las segundas se refieren a su grado de formalización técnica, que se concretaría en aspectos como el establecimiento de objetivos de mejora, el grado de adhesión a planes de entrenamiento o el control del rendimiento (disciplina versus espontaneidad). La intersección de estas dos dimensiones descubre la existencia de cuatro perfiles o tipos ideales de corredores: los solitarios hedonistas, los individualistas competitivos, los rodadores sociables y los grupalistas disciplinados, cuyas características son examinadas en este trabajo.
Se ha realizado una utilization-focused evaluation dirigida a evaluar sus fortalezas, limitaciones y aspectos susceptibles de mejora. La obtención de datos se llevó a cabo mediante la realización de una doble entrevista semiestructurada y un grupo de discusión con los profesores que implementaron el PRPS. El trabajo concluye que los principales puntos fuertes del PRPS son su aplicabilidad al contexto escolar y la capacidad de promover su desarrollo profesional. Entre las limitaciones se señala la secuenciación temporal de su aplicación, las creencias de los alumnos respecto a la EF y sus dificultades para la reflexión y el diálogo. Por último, entre los aspectos susceptibles de mejora se hace alusión a la necesidad de implicar al conjunto de la comunidad educativa y al entorno familiar, así como la conveniencia de iniciar la aplicación del programa a edades más tempranas Palabras clave: Responsabilidad, Educación Física, metodología cualitativa, evaluación.
Sports clubs are often perceived as important vehicles for social integration, but the empirical evidence to support this claim is limited. This article sets out to identify individual and organisational characteristics that are conducive to social integration of members and volunteers.Drawing on survey data from more than 8,000 members and volunteers in ten European countries, a factor analysis identified three dimensions of social integration. They match the three-fold theoretical distinctions between socio-affective (interaction and identification) and socio-cultural integration made in the article. Multilevel regression analyses examined the effects of individuallevel variables (socio-economic background, affiliation and participation) and organisational-level variables (management and structural characteristics) on the three dimensions of social integration.Emprical analyses revealed that the individual-level variables, especially affiliation and participation (e.g. the number of years connected to the club, the frequency of sports and competition participation, the team/group size and volunteering), had explanatory power, while the organisational-level variables (management and structural characteristics) mainly showed weak correlations. These findings were relatively consistent among the three dimensions of social integration, which indicates that it is mainly the same individual and organisational characteristics that are conducive to social integration in sports clubs.
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