Barium zirconate (BaZrO 3 ) was synthesized successfully by the sonochemical method. The monophase of BaZrO 3 was formed completely in short irradiation time without the calcination process. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize formation of the perovskite BaZrO 3 phase, which occurs in a 60 minute single phase with a cubic crystal structure at room temperature. Therefore, sonochemical irradiation could accelerate the formation of BaZrO 3 particles significantly. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy investigated the uniform shape and size. The size distribution became narrow with increasing time, as a function of irradiation.

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This study synthesized blended lead zirconate (PbZrO3;PZ)/poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)/Glutinous rice starch (GRS) nanofibers by the electrospinning method. A number of parameters such as the ratio between PEO and GRS and calcination temperature have been studied. The as-spun PZ/PEO/GRS composite and PZ fibers were characterized by TG-DTA, X-ray diffraction, FT-IR and SEM, respectively. SEM results showed that smooth and continuous fibers were obtained at the volume ratio of 10:2:1, PZ/PEO/GRS. After calcination of the as-spun PZ/PEO/GRS composite nanofibers at 650 degrees C for 4 h, PZ nanofibers with perovskite structure were obtained successfully. The fibers had a uniform and smooth surface without grain boundaries. However, when the calcination temperature increased to 750 degrees C and 850 degrees C, the fiber represented a necklace-like structure with grain boundaries arranged by grain to grain unit cell clusters.