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The object of this study is to synthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles from Agaricus bisporus pileus extracts and their applications. Agaricus bisporus-mediated synthesis of AgNPs was characterized using changing the color solution, UV-Visible spectroscopy, SEM, AFM, SPM, FTIR spectrum, XRD, and EDS analyses. The change of the mixture color of 10-3 M AgNO3 with the watery extract of fresh A. bisporus caps from colorless to brown color is an indicator for the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The UV-Visible spectrum exhibits the absorption peak at 418 nm. The FTIR spectra exhibited that the structures of amino acids, polysaccharides, and polyphenols in the crude extract of A. bisporus are not affected because of the joining and interaction of their functional groups with silver ions, and act as reducing and capping agents to the biosynthesized Ag nanoparticles. SEM and EDS refer to the formation of AgNPs with irregular or spherical shapes. The XRD pattern exhibits face-centered cubic (fcc) silver nanocrystals, with crystalline AgNPs size of 43.9 nm. The biosynthesized AgNPs play a suitable role against mouse cell line, which has receptors for polioviruses (L20B). After exposure of the colloid AgNPs to UV radiation (256 nm), the absorption band transferred from 418 nm to 435 nm, indicating that UV rays affect on physical properties of AgNPs. Roughness average of the biosynthesized AgNPs from A. bisporus caps is 15.4 nm, but the roughness is increased after UV irradiation for 1 h to average 33.6 nm. Histograms of particle size distribution of AgNPs show the average of AgNPs is 103.57 nm, while the size of nanoparticles reaches 69.47 nm after exposure to UV radiation of 256 nm. The use of UV radiation leads to enhanced characteristics of silver nanoparticles.

This study aims to biosynthesize zinc nanoparticles from the aqueous extract of Panax ginseng (Red Ginseng) roots. The characteristics of ZnNPs were checked using change in color, UV-Vis, SEM, SPM, AFM, FT-IR, and EDS analyses, and assessed their cytotoxicity against L20B tumor cell line using MTT assay. The change in the solution color after 3 hr on 70 °C is from yellow to the brownish color with whitish sediments. The adsorption peak of UV-vis is 340 nm as evidence of formation the Zn nanoparticles. AFM, SEM and EDS observe shapes of zinc nanoparticles which are spherical to irregular particles with rate of size 59.76 nm. The concentration 100% Zinc nanoparticles significantly (p<0.01) recorded best inhibition percentage 41.70% against murine fibroblast cells (L20B) which have receptors of human polioviruses. Thus, this work is considered as an auspicious first test to reduce the growth of cancers using green ZnNPs of Ginseng (Panax ginseng) in vitro.

This research includes synthesis of new heterocyclic derivatives of disubstituted 1,3-oxazepine-5-one. Azomethine compounds (N1-N5) were synthesized by the reaction of aromatic aldehydes with primary aromatic amines, in the presence of glacial acetic acid as a catalyst in absolute ethanol. The synthesized compounds were identified via spectral methods viz., FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR and measurements of some physical properties. The prepared oxazepine compounds (N6-N10) were obtained from treatment of azomethine compounds with phthalide. N9 and N7 derivatives have recorded the higher zone of inhibition 15 mm against Candida guilliermondii and Candida zeylanoides respectively. The lower zone of inhibition was 8.0 mm and 9.3 mm by N7 toward the growth of Candida albicans and Candida guilliermondii respectively. Slight variation in the structure of those derivatives can show the very dramatic effect on the efficiency of these compounds in their bio-activity and may be helpful in designing more antifungal agents for therapeutic use in future.

The synthesis of metallic nanoparticles has become an important issue in recent decades due to their various beneficial and unique properties and biomedical and industrial applications 1. Nanotechnology is seeking to synthesize nanoparticles have substantial biomedical applications because of their unique characteristics and their green nature due to using some medicinal plants as ABSTRACT The object of this work is biosynthesizing AgNPs from extracts of Cyperus sp. galingale rhizomes, studying their characteristics using UV-visible spectroscopy, AFM, SEM, FTIR, and EDX analyses and testing their anticancer activity (in vitro) against L20B cell line. Biosynthesizing AgNPs using various plants is considered eco-friendly, cheap, energy saving and reproducible compared with non-green methods. UV-Visible spectrum checked the surface plasmon resonance of AgNPs at 410-420 nm. FT-IR exhibited that the presence of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups in the extract of Cyperus sp. can reduce and stabilize AgNPs. EDX, SEM, and AFM analyses were applied to confirm the nature, morphology and topography of the biosynthesized AgNPs. AgNPs are spherical or irregular in shape with the average diameter of hot extract-AgNPs is 56.31 nm in comparison with cold extract-AgNPs is 92.53 nm. The hot extract-AgNPs paly a suitable role against mouse cell line (L20B) which have receptors for polioviruses better than the cold extract-AgNPs.