Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) telah disosialisasikan terutama kepada dosen dan mahasiswa Universitas Tarumanagara, sejak ditetapkan oleh Kemendikbudristek pada bulan Januari 2020.  Kurikulum MBKM ini juga telah diimplementasikan selama lebih dari 1,5 tahun di Universitas Tarumanagara sejak semester ganjil 2020/2021.  Pada akhir tahun 2021, Ditjen Diktiristek menugaskan 110 Perguruan Tinggi Swasta termasuk Universitas Tarumanagara, untuk melaksanakan penelitian mengenai kebijakan MBKM. Satu Tim Peneliti ditugaskan oleh Universitas Tarumanagara melaksanakan tugas dari Ditjen Diktiristek tersebut. Dalam pelaksanaan tugas ini, penelitian juga ditujukan untuk memahami perspektif dosen, mahasiswa, dan tenaga kependidikan (tendik) terhadap kebijakan dan implementasi MBKM tersebut.  Partisipan penelitian adalah dosen, mahasiswa, dan tendik Universitas Tarumanagara. Data dikumpulkan melalui survei elektronik yang dirancang, dan disebarluaskan oleh Ditjen Diktiristek melalui SPADA (Sistem Pembelajaran Daring). Data yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah data pada tanggal 23 Desember 2021 yang diberikan oleh Ditjen Diktiristek kepada LPPM (Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat) Universitas Tarumanagara, terdiri atas 298 dosen, 3.994 mahasiswa, dan 136 tendik Universitas Tarumanagara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 50% dosen, mahasiswa, dan tendik mengetahui sebagian besar isi kebijakan MBKM, terutama melalui sosialisasi yang dilaksanakan oleh perguruan tinggi. Lebih dari 50% partisipan memilih Sosialisasi Kemendikbud, Kanal Perguruan Tinggi, dan Sosialisasi Perguruan Tinggi sebagai tiga media informasi yang dapat meningkatkan pemahaman mengenai MBKM. Partisipan menyatakan bahwa kedelapan kegiatan MBKM sudah ada sebelumnya.  Lebih dari 50% partisipan menjawab dua semester untuk melaksanakan kegiatan MBKM di luar perguruan tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat dinyatakan bahwa sekitar 50% dosen, mahasiswa, dan tendik di Universitas Tarumanagara telah memiliki perspektif yang sejalan dengan Kebijakan MBKM yang telah ditetapkan oleh Kemendikbudristek. Diskusi-diskusi di tingkat dosen merekomendasikan kemandirian dalam menjalankan MBKM bagi perguruan tinggi yang dinilai mampu oleh Kemendikbudristek.The Kampus Merdeka Independent Learning Curriculum (MBKM) has been socialized, specifically to lecturers and students of Universitas Tarumanagara since its stipulation by the Ministry of Education and Culture and Research and Technology in 2020. This curriculum was also implemented for more than 1.5 years at Universitas Tarumanagara, from the beginning of semester 2020/2021.  At the end of 2021, the Directorate General of Higher Education assigned 110 private universities, including Tarumanagara University, to conduct research regarding MBKM policies. One Research Team was assigned by Universitas Tarumanagara to fulfill the task assigned by the Directorate General of Higher Education and Research and Technology, as well as to understand the perspectives of lecturers, students, and education staff on the MBKM policy and implementation. Research participants include lecturers, students, and staff at Tarumanagara University. Data was collected through an electronic survey designed and administered by the Directorate General of Higher Education and Research and Technology through SPADA (Online Learning System). The data used in this paper is from December 23, 2021 which was handed by the Directorate General of Higher Education and Research and Technology to the LPPM (Institute for Research and Community Service) of Universitas Tarumanagara, consisting of 298 lecturers, 3,994 students, and 136 staff of Universitas Tarumanagara. The result shows that about 50% of lecturers, students, and staff knew most of the contents of the MBKM policy, especially through socialization carried out by the university. More than 50% of participants chose Socialization by the Ministry of Education and Culture, University Channel, and Socialization by the University as the three information media that can improve the understanding of MBKM. Participants stated that the eight MBKM activities had existed before. More than 50% of participants chose to dedicate 2 semesters to carry out MBKM activities outside university activities. Based on the results of this study, it can be stated that about 50% of the lecturers, students, and staff at Universitas Tarumanagara already possess a perspective that is in line with the MBKM Policy that has been set by the Ministry of Education and Culture and Research and Technology. Discussions among the lecturers recommended independence in implementing MBKM for universities deemed capable by the Ministry of Education and Culture and Research and Technology.

West Java is one of the provinces in Indonesia that has been severely affected by . The spread of this virus is relatively fast and causes sick victims and even death. The West Java Provincial Government has taken various countermeasures, one of which is by implementing policy regulations, given that the existing laws and regulations are not sufficient to handle the Covid-19 pandemic. Various administrative rules are poured into policy regulations, which are formed based on the administrative authority of the provincial government, to achieve the success of the government's task of protecting public health and mitigating the impact of Covid-19. The policy regulations that are formed and implemented are governor regulations, governor decrees, governor instructions, governor circular, governor and related agency announcements, governor and related agency announcements, warrants, brochures, and field actions for the prevention and control of Covid-19 Through these various policy regulations, the West Answer Provincial Government has regulated and enforced health protocols, large-scale social restrictions, health care and treatment through hospitals and other health facilities, temporary closure of public places and public facilities, work from home arrangements, regulation school from home, arrangements for worship from home, field inspections by law enforcement officials, and imposition of criminal sanctions on violators of policy regulations. The West Java Provincial Government has succeeded in reducing the rate of increase in the spread of Civid-19, curing positive Covid-19 patients, and reducing the death toll due to

Thisstudy of natural resource management under the Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution ismore motivated by economic justice where the management of natural resource always ignores the environmental aspects as such that the state fails to protect the community. The state should significantly increasethe prosperity and welfare of the people. Environmental aspects become the last criteria in promulgatingeconomic policies and production processes atmacro and micro scale in the mining sector. The existence of PETI is generated by internal and external triggering factors. Community believes that mining commodities in the surrounding area can stimulateprosperitywhile the quality of human resources is generally low and financial capacity is limited. This eventually triggered the emergence of illegal people's mining practices. Technical requirements for granting IPRmentioned in the Article 48 Paragraph 2 letter b of Governmental Regulation No. 23, 2010 is difficult to meet by community miners. Under Article 9 Paragraph (3) jis Article 11 Paragraph (1), Article 13 Paragraph (3) letter (e)of Law No. 23, 2014 regarding Regional Government, energy and mineral resource issues is included inconcurrent Administrationaffairs. Central Government, in passing its policy shouldconsiderlocal wisdom while paying attention to national interests

Indonesia has laws and regulations that regulate people's behavior. Therefore, the government must communicate effectively with the community, so that they can obey it. In order for the implementation of legislation to be more effective, the government issues circulars addressed to the public. This circular contains technical information or messages that need to be carried out by the public. This article discusses the effectiveness of government legal communication to the public through circulars. This research approach is quantitative by conducting surveys and normative observations of secondary data in the form of circulars, expert views from various references, and regulations related to circulars. The results showed that the government's legal communication to the public through circulars was mostly effective. This is because circulars made by government officials are more of a regulatory nature (as a regulation), and a small part are stipulating (as a stipulation). This circular is a one-sided message from government officials to other officials or the general public as communicants. The nature of regulating circular letters can be in the form of orders or recommendations that are mandatory or which can be carried out by the communicant. However, the public has the right not to implement the government's message if the contents of the circular contradict the applicable regulations. This is done through a judicial review process. However, in general, government circulars are understood, accepted and implemented by the public

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