Responses by 196 couples—in which both spouses were members of the American Psychological Association—to a series of questions regarding domestic satisfaction, job satisfaction, and productivity were examined as a function of years since final degree and number of children in the family. There were consistent differences between the sexes in responses to these questions, indicating that wives were less satisfied and less productive than husbands in these couples. However, prior differences between groups in age, years since final degree, and rate of full-time employment disallowed any meaningful interpretations of these differences. Family size was found to influence satisfaction with time available for domestic activities, job, and avocations. Significant interactions indicated that these effects were more severe for the wife than for the husband, indicating that wives in dual-career couples bear a disproportionate share of the burden for child care. Influences of family size on satisfaction with rate of advancement and freedom to set long-term career goals were also noted.

No abstract

Fifteen anonymous respondents indicated that they had been unable to complete the questionnaire because of the conflicts it had stimulated. In addition, there were some confessions of minor fraud in claiming Husband-Wife credit (e.g., by couples who were living together). Therefore, the total available sample size cannot be estimated accurately.

No abstract

Effects of injections of two doses of nicotine (o.2 and 0.4 mg/kg body wt) were tested on general activity (in a photocell chamber) and on locomotor activity (in an activity wheel) in male and female rats of two ages (40 and 90 days). Behavior was monitored under light and dark conditions at 15, 30, and 45 min post-injection over a period of 12 days. A general excitatory effect of nicotine was observed in the photocell chamber, with the high dosage greatly increasing activity for younger and female animals. In the activity wheel an initial depressant effect was observed followed by excitation at the lower dose. no evidence for tolerance or difference between light and dark test conditions was found.