Stellate ganglion (SG) represents the main sympathetic input to the heart. This study aimed at investigating physical exercise-related changes in the quantitative aspects of SG neurons in treadmill-exercised Wistar rats. By applying state-of-the-art design-based stereology, the SG volume, total number of SG neurons, mean perikaryal volume of SG neurons, and the total volume of neurons in the whole SG have been examined. Arterial pressure and heart rate were also measured at the end of the exercise period. The present study showed that a low-intensity exercise training program caused a 12% decrease in the heart rate of trained rats. In contrast, there were no effects on systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, or mean arterial pressure. As to quantitative changes related to physical exercise, the main findings were a 21% increase in the fractional volume occupied by neurons in the SG, and an 83% increase in the mean perikaryal volume of SG neurons in treadmill-trained rats, which shows a remarkable neuron hypertrophy. It seems reasonable to infer that neuron hypertrophy may have been the result of a functional overload imposed on the SG neurons by initial posttraining sympathetic activation. From the novel stereological data we provide, further investigations are needed to shed light on the mechanistic aspect of neuron hypertrophy: what role does neuron hypertrophy play? Could neuron hypertrophy be assigned to the functional overload induced by physical exercise?
RESUMO
O presente trabalho correlacionou o tempo de ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial (RLCCr) à lesão em menisco medial e ao tipo de lesão observada em cães tratados por estabilização dinâmica (osteotomias) ou estática (sutura fabelo-tibial). Este estudo retrospectivo avaliou os registros de 104 cães (117 joelhos
A amiga Fernanda Paes, pelas risadas e momentos de descontração proporcionados. A Isis Dal-Bó que esta comigo desde o inicio do mestrado, sempre me auxiliando e nunca negando trabalho. A Jaqueline França pelos conhecimentos passados e auxilio sempre que solicitado. Ao tecnólogo César Augusto Martins Pereira, por seus conhecimentos na área de computação e biomecânica. Ao Professor Dr. José Henrique Hildebrand Grisi Filho, pela amizade e por me auxiliar na estatística do presente trabalho. A todos оs Professores da FMVZ-USP, qυе foram importantes nа minha vida acadêmica е nо meu desenvolvimento profissional. Aos Veterinários do Hovet-USP. Aos Funcionarios do Hovet-USP (Lelis, Jesus e Otávio) pela a ajuda para o bom funcionamento do LOTC. Palavras-chave: Placa bloqueada. Ortopedia. Biomecânica. Arrancamento. Teste de 4 pontos. ABSTRACT CAVALCANTI, R. A. O. Biomechanical study comparing new locking plate system (PAX) and conventional locking plate system (Synthes) in pullout and four points test. [Estudo biomecânico comparativo entre novo sistema de bloqueio (PAX) e sistema convencional de bloqueio (Synthes) em ensaios de arrancamento e teste de quatro pontos]. 2015. 114 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências)
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