This research is research and development. This study uses the Four D development model. The stages in the Four D development model are definition, design, development, and dissemination. However, in this study, the stages used were only up to the development stage. The subjects of this study were students of class II MIN 15 Langkat, totaling 24 people with details of 13 males and 11 females. The object of research is digital-based flashcard media. This study aims to develop digital-based flashcard media. The data collection instruments were interviews, observations, questionnaire validation, and student responses. From the results of the validation carried out by media experts, material experts, and linguists it was declared feasible.

This study aims to develop appropriate and effective digital-based smart card learning media for class II students of Al Hidayah Sidomulyo Private Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MIS). The background of this study is the lack of use of learning media used in learning Indonesian. Teachers only use lecture methods and learning media that are less supportive. Due to the limited knowledge of teachers in making learning media interesting for students. This type of research is research and development RD (Research and Development). The development model used in this study is the ADDIE model, which has five stages, namely: (a) analysis; (b) design; (c) development; (d) implementation; (e) evaluation. Data collection techniques in this study were non-test techniques, namely observation, questionnaires, and interviews. The data analysis techniques used in this study are (1) analysis of digital-based smart card learning media; (2) analysis of the effectiveness of digital-based smart card learning media. Based on data analysis, it shows that the digital-based smart card learning media developed is feasible and effective for second-grade students and can improve student learning outcomes.

This research is research Research and Development (R&D). This study uses the Four D development model. In this study it was only carried out at the development stage. This research was conducted in class II at SD IT Hamas Stabat. The research was carried out in the even semester of the 2021/2022 school year. The subjects in this study were 20 grade II students at SDIT Hamas, 11 male students and 9 female students. The object in this study is flipbook based smart card learning media. Data collection techniques in this study were observation, interviews, tests, questionnaires and documentation. The stages in the four D development model are define, design, develop, disseminate. The results of the validation test by experts, namely media experts, were 89.00%, while the results of the material validation test were 88.06%. The results of material validation and media validation are categorized as very feasible. The results of student learning motivation on flipbook-based smart card learning media amounted to 79.07%.

<p><span>The advancement of audio visual technology based educational materials </span><span lang="EN-US">that </span><span>will be developed against the background of the minimal use of social studies learning media is limited to us</span><span lang="EN-US">e</span><span> only textbooks and whiteboards. The goal of this study is to develop teaching materials for product oriented social science in the version of audio-visual-based educational media that is feasible and effective for use in learning. Research and Development (R&amp;D) research methodologies are used in this study. This Research used ADDIE, which has five stages: 1) analyze, 2) design, 3) development, 4) implementation, and 5) evaluation. </span><span lang="EN-US">The Islamic Elementary School </span><span>Amaliyah Tanjung Tiga fifth grade students are the subjects in this research. In this study, the data analysis method is qualitative descriptive statistics with questionnaires and tests. In this study, descriptive statistics are used to analyz</span><span lang="EN-US">e</span><span>quantitative data. </span><span lang="EN-US">Based on</span><span> the findings, the produced teaching media is claimed to be legitimate</span><span lang="EN-US">d</span><span> and practicable for use in education, as well as very practica</span><span lang="EN-US">l</span><span> for students to use in the learning process, based on validator and classroom teacher</span><span lang="EN-US">s’</span><span> evaluation, while also ideas and feedback from materials experts, factorial design, media, and teachers include learning success or student</span><span lang="EN-US">s’</span><span> learning completeness. Based on the above calculations, the observations carried out by experts at revision I 79.06 % and after revision II reached 81.52% then revision III 85.13% reached then this score is included in the very valid or very feasible criteria. The validity level is sufficiently valid that generated 81.9%. This development research resulted in a product tha</span><span lang="EN-US">t</span><span>met the content, as well as being effectively used to improve student</span><span lang="EN-US">s’</span><span> learning outcomes. Including individual mastery learning reached 83.42%, classical learning completeness reached 82.1% with the N-gain percentage reaching 0.75</span><span lang="EN-US">, and</span><span> getting a positive response from students</span><span> <span lang="EN-US">reached</span></span><span> 74.9% with good criteria.</span></p>