Research has shown that leaders play a crucial role in driving a team's performance. In performing this role, leaders use different styles of leadership. Some leaders combine different leadership styles, such as directive and participative, and adjust them according to their situation. Leaders exist at varying hierarchies within the organizational structures, from lower-level supervisors to the top management level. As the new organizational paradigm emerges, decentralization and empowerment of lower-level leaders become essential in driving the organization's success. At the same time, leadership development at different hierarchies improves as information sharing, empowerment, and teams' development becomes more common. This study aims to understand different effective leadership styles in organizational leadership hierarchy, specifically job satisfaction and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). This research adopts the correlational design with a cross-sectional survey design. The model uses a variance analysis for data analysis. The study found that there is no variance in leadership style in an organizational hierarchy. This research shows that the transformational style is most effective in driving OCB and job satisfaction.
The switch to work from home during the covid-19 pandemic has affected people's work-life balance, even more so for working women. This study aims to determine the contribution of social support to work-life balance on working women during work from home. This research uses a quantitative method with a causality correlational design. Subjects in this study amounted to 171 respondents of working women. Measuring instruments used are the social support scale and a work-life balance scale. This study indicates a contribution of social support to work-life balance on working women during work from home; r 0,466 (p < 0,001). In addition, the R square value is 0,217. The relationship between social support and work-life balance has a positive direction. The higher social support working women get, their work-life balance will be increased. This study also shows that the work-life balance of working women who have two children is in the high category and the work-life balance of working women with an age group of more than 40 years is in the high category.
The study aims to explain the effect of work-life balance on work stress among nurses. The respondents in this study consist of 123 nurses. The measuring instruments used to collect data in this research were the work-life balance scale and the work stress scale. Simple linear regression analysis was used in this study to test the research hypothesis. According to the data analysis results, the value of R 2 = 0,086 and the value of β = -0,241, which explained that work-life balance has 8,6% effects on work stress among nurses. A higher level of work-life balance leads to lower work stress among nurses. This research implies the importance of work-life balance knowledge and skills to minimize severe stresses among nurses who play significant roles in delivering good service in a hospital.
As a member of the police, a female police officer is expected to work well and even with high professionalism, which means that in any situation, her tasks and responsibilities must be prioritized. However, this is certainly not easy for female police officers, especially those who are married or have families, automatically carrying out dual roles both in the workplace and in their family environment. Based on this, this study aims to determine the effect of psychological capital to work-life balance for married female police officers at the Mapolda X. This is a quantitative correlational study involving 203 married police officers. The results of this study show that psychological capital has a positive effect to work-life balance with an R2 value of 0.10, p<0.001. Based on the partial T test, it was also found that the aspects of self-efficacy and optimism had a positive effect on female police officers, while hope and resilience did not have a significant effect on WLB for married female police officer.
The current pandemic requires everyone to keep their distance and avoid crowds. Schools and universities with large student capacities can create masses, so those institutions must be closed during this pandemic. The most effective solution to keep education running during this pandemic is to conduct a distance learning process (online). Online learning has an impact on students, especially adolescents. For some teenagers, this can be felt like an immense pressure or burden and has an effect on their psychological and academic life. In this situation, academic resilience is crucial for high school youth to help overcome academic hurdles and various negative feelings that arise during the online learning process. Peer social support from the individual's social environment is considered relevant to improving students' academics in online learning. This study aims to determine the contribution of peer social support to the academic resilience of high school adolescents in online learning in Makassar. This research is quantitative research with a correlational research design. The study sample consisted of 253 high school students. The sampling technique used is accidental sampling. Research data is collected with Peer Social Support Scale and Academic Resilience Scale. The Data were analyzed by using the simple linear regression analysis. The result shows that there is a significant contribution of peer social support to academic resilience among adolescents in online learning in Makassar. The contribution of peer social support to academic resilience is 20% (R 2 = 0,20; Sig = 0,000), while the rest of 80% is affected by others variables not examined in this study.
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